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Jpt^WfPX anh p^Hnnsrriph 



of all of the 



j8(ignFrs of J^p BFrlflraHon of InbpjiFnbFnrF, 



extracted from 

ONE OF THE SEVENTEEN COMPLETE SETS WHICH HAVE 

BEEN FORMED. 




Note. — Printed in January, 1871, in one of the deferred Numbers of 
the Historical Magazine. Improvements and additions have since been 
made to the Papers. Several typographical errors will be noticed. One 
hundred copies in this form, to accompany a portrait of Lewis Morris, 
from a private plate. 



NEW YOR K 

July, 1871. 







THE 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



Vol. IV.- Second Seiues. 



NOVEMBER, 1868. 



[No. 



This number ol' the Historical Magazine 
has been edited by t'oloiiel Theodoriis 
Bailey Myers, of New York City. 

M. B. D 

1. — DECLARATION OF INDKPENDENCE. 



Intuodi;ctohy. 

" With what grandear, with what enthusiasm, !?hoald I 
*■ not speak of those eiencronu men who erected this grand 
" edifice by their palienco, their wisdom, and their cour- 
■• age : Haucocli, Franliliii, the two Adamses, were the 
•' greatest actors in this aflecting scene; but they were iioi 
' me only ones. Posterity shall ki.ow them, all. Their 
•' honored names shall be transmiited to it by a happier 
-' pen than mine. Brass and marble shall show thera to 
" remotest ages. In beholding them .-rhall the friend ot 
■•freedom feel his heart palpitate with joy— feel his eyes 
*' float iu delicious tears. Under the bnst of one of them 
•' has been written. ' He wrefited ihundtr from heavtn, and 
■• 'l/w sceptii: from lijranl-9.' Of the last words of ihisen- 
'• logy shall all of them partake.— Aiiiie Ka\x.<i.." 1 

The letters and m,annscripts which follow, form, together, ! 
ft complete set of the autographs of the .Signers of the j 
JJeclaration of Independence, couetitutiug one of the four- | 
teen known to exist. For more than halt a century, these ; 
collections have attracted the attention and afforded an i 
agreeable pastime for ihe leisure hours of a number of 1 
genilcmen, .cattered throughout the United States ; and, iu I 
addition to the i-ets above alluded to. it is known that 
ihere are a large number which lack but few names of 
completeness. 

To those who do not sympathise iu lliis autiquarian pur- 
suit, it may appear singular that men should devote so 
much of their time and incur the heavy attendant, outlay 
iu collecting a number of old pieces of paper; but the 
enthusiasm of a collector is a sentiment which cannot 
be described, but must be experienced to be realized. It 
18 a work which is perfornmt m private, and, like other 
revels in the chamel-honse uf Time, is carried on in the 
witching hour of night, for its laborers are generally those 
engaged in other avocations, which absorb the ordinary 
working hours. If it ever manifests itself in public, it is 
in the pursuit of material, when a sale of .lutograph Let- 
ters and Manuscripts calls together the collectors or their 
agents, in an anction-room, in competition ; and then it is 
a matter of amusement to spectatirs, to witness the ex- 
tent to which a mania will carry them, overlooking, that 
in some other collection, perhaps that of greenbacks, they 
are eqaallv enthusiastic. 

The primary object to be attained, is a collection of so-me- 
thing written by every Signer; and, owing to the raritj; of 
some ot the specimens, this, at this time, Is almost an im- 
possibility, as the number of complete sets iu existence, ; 
after so many vears research, attests. Afier this is ac- i 
complished, the' object ot the collector is to improve his 1 
set, which is done according to his taste or abilities. All | 
collectors seek to complete a set of "A LS" {autograph ' 
MUm signed) which forms the highest class of specimens, i 
in both rarity and value : and, in this form, some of the ! 
names rarely if ever are to he found; while, in other 
eases, autograph lei ters occur, left unsigned as a precau- 
«ion by the writer in time of War. Next to this come " L S " . 

His. Mac. IV. 14. 



I {letters signed) which are more common, because so many 
' official persons availed themselves, then, as now, of the 
services of an amanuensis. The third class are ''ADS" 
I ^autograph documents signed) which with *'DS" \ilocU' 
mi /lis signed) are uot esteemed so highly, but, like the 
• letiers, vary in value, according to subject, and date, and 
similarity of signature to that attached to the Declaration, 
Some collectors coniine their efforts to the points of uni- 
formity in size, desiring all folio or all quarto specimens; 
while others make the period the test, and desire the date 
of all their specimens to be Revolntiouary. 

The collectiou of which copies are annexed, speaks for 
itself. It was made without reference to size; but the ob- 
ject has been, as tar as possible, to obtain papers of his- 
torical interest. Many specimens have been exchanged 
on-ejected: and many still remain, which, if opportunity 
offers, will be hereafter improved. All of them have been 
repaired, without mutilation, and inlaid by'I'rent, in draw- 
ing-paper, of large folio size; and illustrated with por- 
traits, views, caricatures, and ofiicial and other docu- 
ments, arms of States, Colonial money and newspapers, 
etc., etc., illu-slrative of the period, all similarly inlaid or 
mounted, and ou separate sheets, to the numljer, at this 
time, of several hundred, the whole to constitute three folio 
volumes for the Northcni, Middle, and Southern States, re- 
spectively. 

The copy of the Declaration of Independence annexed, 
is one of thirteen signed by the President and Secretary of 
the Congress. It \vas for many years the property of a 
gentleman in the South, from whom the Collector procured 
it, like the other specimens, iviihout *' making a raid " or 
incurring an obligation which he did not attempt to acquit. 

Iu complyiug with a request to furnish copies of a col- 
lection—which, origiuating in an appreciation of the patri- 
otism of the Signers and gratitude for his share of the 
result of their labors, has been a source of amusement and 
pleasant occupation for a number of years — he wishes to 
disclaim any intention of holding up to the reader as of 
superior excellence ; but feels it a duty to place in more 
permanent form, some papers of interest, never before 
printed, and to induce other Collectors possessing, for 
many of the names, those of greater valnc, to do the same. 

I.— rilE DECLAHATIOK. 

[From one of the thirteen original copies of the Decla- 
ration eigned by President and Secretary of Congress and 
sent to the States.] 

In Congress, July 4, 1776. 

THE UXAXIMOVS 

DECLARATION 

OK TIXF. 

TiHKTEKN United St.vtes of A.AIKRIC'A. 

WHEN in the couv.sc of human events, it 
lu-comcs ncc-essavy for one people to dis- 
solve the political bttnds which have con- 
nected them with another, and to assume, 
among the po ivers of the earth, the separate and 
equal station to -which the laws of nature and 



310 



HISTcjKIC A I, MA.GAZINK. 



I X overaber. 



of niiturc's God entitle tliem, a decent respect 
to the opinions of mankind requires tli:it they 
should decliirc the causes which impel tiieni to 
the separation. 

We hold these truths to be seU-evidcnl — that 
all men are created equal ; that they arc endow- 
ed by their Creator witli certain inalienable 
rights; that among- these are Hie, liberty, and 
the pursuit ot iiappiness. That, to secure 
these riglits, governments are instituted among 
men, deriving tlieir just powers from the eon- 
sent of tlie governed: that, whenever any form 
of government be(.-omes destructive ot these 
ends, it is the right of the peoi)lc to alter or 
abolish it, and to irstitute a new government, 
laying its foundation on such ])riuci»les, and 
organizing its powers in such form, as to tliem 
shall seem most likely to efleet tlieir safely and 
happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that 
governuients long established should not be 
changed for light and transient causes; and, 
accordingly, all experience hatli shown that 
mankind are more disposed to sutler, wliile 
evils are sufl'erable, than to i-ight themselves by 
abolishing the forms to which they are accus- 
tomed. But wlien a long train of abuses and 
usurpations, pursuing invarialily the same ob- 
ject, evinces a design to reduce tliem under ab- 
solute despotism, it is their right, it is tlieir 
duty, to throw off such government, and to 
provide new guards for their future security. 
Such has been the patient sufieranee of these 
colonies ; and such is now the necessity which 
constrains them to alter their firmer systems of 
government. The history of the j)ret-eiit King 
of Great Britain is a history of repeateii injur- 
ies and usurputions, all having in direct object 
the establishment of an absolute tyranny over 
these states. To prove this, let facls i>c' submit- 
ted to a candid world. 

tie lias refused his as.sent to law.s the most 
wholesome and iiecess;iry for the public good. 

He has forbidden liis governors to jiass laws 
of immediate and pressing importance, unless 
suspended in their operations till his assent 
sliciuld be obtained ; and, wlieii so suspendei.1, 
he has utterly neglected to attend to them. 

He has refused to pass otlier laws for the ac- 
commodation of large districts of |.ie(i|)le. un- 
less those people would relini|uish the right of 
representation in the Ltgislaturi' — a right ines- 
timable to them, and fonuidable to tyrants only. 

He has called together legislative botlies at 
places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from 
the repository of their public re<-ords, for the 
sole purpose of fatiguing them into com])liance 
with his measures. 

He has dissolved representative houses re- 
peatedly, for opposing, with manly tirmness, 
his invasions on the rights of the peojile. 



He has refused, for a long time after such dis- 
solutions, to cause otiiers to be elected ; where- 
l>y the legislative powers, incapable of anniliil- 
ation. have returned to the people at large for 
their e.\ercisc ; the state rtmaining, in tin 
mean time, exposed to all the dangers of im a- 
sion from without and convulsions within. 

He has endeavored to jireventthc population 
of these states: for tliat jmrpose obstructing 
tlie laws for the naturalization of foreigners ; 
refusing to ji-iss others to encourage their mi- 
gration hitliei, and raising the conditions ol" 
new appropriations of lands. 

He has obslnieted the administratitm ol'jus- 
tice, by refusing his assent to laws for estab- 
lishing judiciary powers. 

He has made judges dependent on his wiU 
alone for tlie tenure of their ottices, and fin 
amount and payment of their salaries. 

He lias erected a multitude of new oiHces. 
and sent hitlier swarms of ofiicers. to liaras.s- 
our people and eat out their sub.stanee. 

He has ke]it among us, in times of ])cace. 
standing armies, without the consent of our 
Legislatures. 

if e has atlected to render the military imlc - 
pendent of. andsu|)erior to, the civil power. 

He has combined with others to subject us to 
a jurisdiction foreign to our constitutions, and 
unacknowledged by our laws; giving his as- 
sent to their acts of pretended legislation : 

For i|Uartering large bodies ot armed troo])s 
among us: 

For protecting them, by a mock trial, from 
jinnislinicnt fir any murders which they should 
commit on the inhabitants of these states: 

For cutting off our trade with all parts of 
the world : 

For impoNiiig t:i-\e^ on us without our con- 
sent : 

For depriving us, in many ca^rs, of the bene- 
fits of trial iiy jury: 

For transporting us beyond sea^^. to be trieit 
lor pretended otfenses : 

For abolishing the free system of English 
laws in a neighlHuang province, establishing 
therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging 
its boundaries, so as to render it at once an ex- 
ample and fit instrument for introducing tlic 
same absolute rule into these colonies : 

For taking away our charters, abolishing our 
most valuable laws, and altering, fundamental- 
ly, the forms ot our governments : 

For suspending our own Legislatures, and 
declaring themselves invested with power to 
legislate for us in all cases wliatsover. 

He has abdicated government here, by de- 
claring us out of his j)rotectiim, and waging 
war against us. 

He has plundered our seas, ravaged our 



1868. 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



211 



coasts. Ijurned our towns. ;iiiil (U'stroyed the 
lives of our people. 

He i-^ at tliis time transporting !art;e armies 
oi" t'oreiiiu mercenaries, to compicto the works 
of (Icatli, (lesohition, and tyr.inu}-, already begun 
witli circumstances of cruelty ,nnd pertidy 
scarcely paralleled in the most i)arljarous ages, 
and totally unworthy the head of a civilized 
nation. 

lie has constrained our fellow-eiti/ens, taken 
captive on the high seas, to bear arms against 
their country, to become the executioners of 
their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves 
by their hands. 

He has excited domestic insurrections among 
ns, and has emleavored to bring on the inhabi- 
tants of our frontiers the merciless Indian 
savages, whose known rule of warfare is an un- 
distinguished destruction of all ages, .sexes, 
and conditions. 

In every stage of these oppressions we have 
petitioned for redress in the most humble 
terms : our repeated petitions have been 
answered only l)y repeated injury. A jirince 
whose character is thus Biiarked by every act 
which may define a tyrant is unfit to be the 
ruler of a free people. 

Nor have we been w.anting in our attentions 
to our British brethren. AVe have warned 
them, from time to time, of attempts by their 
Legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdic- 
tion over us. We have reminded them of the 
circumstances of our emigration and settlement 
here. TiYe have appealed to their native.justice 
and magnanimity, and we have conjured them 
by tlie ties of our common kindred, to disavow 
these usurpations, which would inevitably in- 
terrupt our connections and correspondence. 
They, too, have been deaf to the voice of jus- 
tice and of consanguinity. "We must, there- 
fore. aci|uies(e in the necessity which denounces 
our separation, and hold them as we hold the 
rest of mankind — enemies in war — in jjeace, 
friends. 

We, therefore, the representatives of the 
United States of America, in general Congress 
assembled, ajipealing to the Supreme Judge of 
the world for the rectitude of our intentions, 
do, in the name and by the authority of the 
good people of these colonies, solemnly puljlish 
and declare that these united eohniies are, and 
of riglit ought to be, free and independent 
states; that they are absolved from all allegi- 
ance to the British crown, and that all political 
connection between them and the state of 
Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dis- 
solved ; and that, as free and independent 
states, they have full power to levy war, con- 
clude peace, contract alli.inces, establish com- 
merce, and to do all other acts and things 



which independent states may of right do. 
And for the support of this Declaration, witli 
a firm reliance on the protection of Divine 
Providence, we mutually pledge to each other 
our lives, oar fortunes, and our sacred honor. 

.louN Hancock. 



GF.or.cii,\ 



XoHTn C.VROLIX.V 



Soi rii Caroi.tn.v 



Marylakd 



Virginia 



Pennsylvania 



Delaware 



New York 



New Jersey. 



New Hampshire 



I Button Gwinnett 

■ Lvman Hall 

( George Walton 

I W"' Hooper 
•: Joseph Ilewes 
f John Penn 

( Edward IJutledgc 
I Thos Ileyward Jun' 
I Thomas Lynch jun' 
I Arthur IMiddlcton 

f Samuel Chase 
I W"' Paca 
I The- Stone 

Charles Carroll, of Car- 
I ronton 

George Wythe 
Richard Henrv Lee 

I Th- Jefl^'erson ' 

•J Benj" Harrison 

1 Tho- Nelson jr 

I Francis Lightfoot Lee 

[ Carter Braxton 

f Rob' Morris 
I Benjamin Rush 
' Benja Franklin 

■ John ^Morton 
-\ Geo Clymer 

I Ja' Sm'ith 
I Geo Taylor 
I James Wilson 
1 Geo Ross 

Caisar Rodney 
Geo Read " ' 



f W- Floyd 
J Phil Livingston 
j Fran' Lewis 
I Lewis Morris 

fRich'' Stockton 
I Jno Withcrspoon 
■{ Fra' Hopkinson 
I John Hart 
[ Abra Clark 

i Josiah Bartlett 

) W" Whipple 

/ Matthew Thornton 



212 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



[November, 



Massacuusktts Bay 



f Sam' Adams 
J John Adams 
I Rob' Treat Paine 
[ Ell)ridge Gerry 



Rhode Island and \ Step Hopkins 
Pkovidknce &° ] William Ellery 



CONJSTECTICUT 



f Roger Sherman 
j Sam' Huntington 
■| -yyrm -Williams 
1^ Oliver Wolcott 



In congress. January 18, 1777 
ORDERED 
^^HAT an authenticated Copy of the DECLA- 
i- RATION OF INDEPENDENCY with the 
Names of the MEMBERS of CONGRESS sub- 
scribing the same be sent to each of the UNI- 
TED STATES and that ihoy be desired to have 
the same nut on RECORD. 

By Order of CONGRESS 
JOHN HANCOCK, President 

a True Copy 
John Hancock, Presid' 

Attest 
CnAS Thomson, Scc>' 

Baltimokk in Maryland : Printeil liy ^Iakv 

Katharine Goddakd. 



IT.— THE CONGRESS. 

I. — A Commission of the Congkes.s. 

IN CONGRESS 
THE DELEGATES of the UNITED STATES 
of New Hampshire Massachusetts ]5ay Rhode 
Island Connecticut New York New Jersey 
Pennsylvania the (bounties of New Castle Kent 
and Sussex in Delaware Maryland Virginia 
North Carolina Soutli Carolina and Georgia 

To Andrew Porter Gentleman 
'l^'^e reposing especial Trust and Confidence 
» ' in your Patriotism Valour Conduct and 
Fidelity Do liy these Presents, consti- 
tute and appoint _you to be first Lieute- 
nant in Ca))t Jesse Cardens Company of 
the Maryland forces in the Army of the 
United States raised for the Defence of 
American Liberty and repelling every 
hostile invasion thereof. You are there- 
fore carefully and diligently to dis- 
charge the duty of first Lieutenant by 
doing and performing all manner of 
Things thereunto belonging. And we do 
strictly charge and require all Officers 
and Soldiers under your Command to 
be Obedient to vour Orders as first 



Lieutenant. And you are to observe 
and follow such Orders and Directions 
from Time to Time, as you shall receive 
from this or a future Congress of the 
United States (U' Committee of Congress 
for that Purpose appointed or Com- 
mander in Chief for tlie time b(,'ing of 
tlie Army of tlie United States or any 
other your superior Officer according to 
tlie Rules and Discipline of War in 
Pursuance of the Trust reposed in you 
This Commission to continue in force 
until revoked by this or a future Con- 
gress 

Dated at Philadelphia the 10"' day of 
December Seventeen hundred and Sev- 
enty Six 

By order of the Congress 
AttiM John Hancock, President 

(^HAs Thomson, Sec>' 



H. — Resolutions of the Congress. 

In CoNGiiEss July y' 177G 
Congress took into eousideration the letter 
from theConveutionof New Jersey, Whereupon 
Resolved tliat the Committee of Safety of 
Pennsylvania be requested to send as many of 
the Troops of their Colony as they can spare to 
Monmouth County in New Jersey to the assist- 
ance of the Inhabitants of that Colony and to 
be subject to the Orders of the Commander iu 
Chief:' the said Troops to be allowed the same 
pay and rations as the Troops in the service of 
the Continent from the time of their march 
until they return 

Jvxtract from the ^Minuies 

Charles Thomson, Sect>' 
By order of Congress 

John Hahcock Prest 

In Congress October 23'' 1770 
Resolved, That tlie Commissioners going to the 
Court of France be directed to procure from 
the Court at the expense of these United States 
either by purchase or loan eight line of battle 
ships of seventy four and sixty four guns, well 
manned and fitted in every respect for service, 
That as these ships maybe useful in proportion 
to the quickness with which they reach North 
America the Commissioners be directed to ex- 
pedite the negociation with all possible dili- 
gence 

By order of Congress 
At ted John Hancock Presid' 

Chas Thomson Sec>' 



18G8.J 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE, 



213 



in. — Rksoltition op Makine Committee. 

In M.vniNE Committee 1.)"' Januar.y 1777 
Ordered that Messrs Purveyance & Stewart the_ 
Continental Marine Agents in tlie State of 
Maryland be direeted to proceed immediately 
to proviile Timber lor building the two thirty 
six gun Frigates ordered to be built in the said 
State, and to proceed in other respects to pro- 
vide materials for the completion of said 
Frigates. 

JoitN Hancock 
The particular Richard Henuy Lee 

Dimensions shall b- Wm Wiiipru-: 

delivered vou 



IV. — The Secrktauy oi' the Coxouess. 
Piiii,a. .Tune ',». 17711. 

Sir 

The voyage of the vessel that carries this 
being altered, and she being ordered to touch 
at Martinique it perhaps to return from thence 
I take the liberty of enclosing to you a letter 
and bill which I'had prepared f )r Messrs. Cur- 
son tfc Governeur ami requesting the favour, if 
you can procure the articles, t > negociate the 
bill & send me the articles and in that case 
you may suppress the letter to Messrs. Cursim 
& Co. The linen I am in great want ot. If 
you cannot get good black sattin you may sub- 
stitute plumli coloured niantua instead thereof 

The armies have taken the field, Clinton is 
directing his force up the North River, where it 
is expected he will meet with a warm rei'eption. 
Our forts in the highlands are in gooil repair, 
M'Dougal is on the east and Ueul Washington 
on the west side of Hudson river to support 
them. We have had various rumours of a vic- 
tory gained by our troops in South Carolina, 
but notliiug certain is yet come to Congress. 
I am 
Sir 
Your obed : humble serv' 
Chas. Thomson 

P.S. If you cannot conveniently procure 
the articles, you will please t,> enclose the bill 
in the letter and forward them ns directed. 

AdJrmsed 

Wii>LiAM BrN<;iiAM Esq' in Martini(|ue 



///.— TffE S rA TES. 

I. — New nAMrsiiiiiE. 

1. — Josiak Bartlett. 

Born at AmesbBry, Mase., in November, 17«», and wae a 
SBCceaafal medical practitioner, before bis entrance into 
public life, in which he wan one of the earliest opponents 
of the asserted rights of the Crown, altbongh holding a 
Maffistratc'a Commission and the command of a Regiment 
of Militia, nnder the Eoval OoTemor. In 17«^, be was & 



Member of the Provincial Legislatnre, and served in the 
Urst Continental Congress ; and his signature to the Decla- 
ration, follows Hancock s. He was Chiet-jnstice of the 
New Hampshire Common Pleas, m 17i9, and, subsequent- 
ly, a Judge of her Supreme Court. Elected a Senator of 
the United States, on the adoption of the State Constitu- 
tion, in 1T87, he preferred his position of President of 
his State; and, in 1193, was elected her tirsi Governor, 
nnder the revised Constitution, but soon abandoned office- 
for the retirement of private life. He died on the nine- 
teenth of May,1795, in his sixty-sixth year. 

PniLADEiii'iiiA, Septcmb' 2' 1776 

3Iv Dear Sir 

I have Rec' yours of the 14' ulto with the 
acts of our Legislature inclosed, for which I 
thank you as it gives me particular satisfaction 
to l>e informed of the situation of affairs in 
our own State. I am fully sensible of the great 
ditficultieswe labor under by the soldiers being 
enlisted for such short periods, and that it 
would have been much better had they at first 
Rce' a good bounty it been enlisted to serve 
during the war. But you may recollect the 
many and to appearance almost insuperable 
Difficulties that then lay in our way, no money, 
no magazines of provisions, no military stores, 
no Government, in short when I look back and 
consider our situation about l.'i months ago, in 
stead of wondering that we are in no better 
situation than at present I am surprized we arc 
in so good ; who of us at that time expected 
that the infatuation of Brittain would have 
forced us to the State we now arc in, as circum- 
stances now are I think we ought by all means 
to be provided with a well Disciplined army to 
serve during the war, and that they ought to 
be raised as soon as possible. I am Ghid to 
hear that our powder mill is ready to be set 
going : pray take particular care that the pow- 
der is good;" a Ccmsiderable Quantity made by 
one ofthe mills in this State appears not to 
have above half the force of good powder and 
does not catch quick. The danger from bad 
powder in an engagement is so great that the 
Congress have ordered that no powder shall l>e 
sent to the Army but such as have been well 
tried & approved by inspectors appointed for 
the purpose and have Recommended it to the 
Several Legislatures to appoint inspectors to 
prove all the powder that is made or imported 
into their respective States; a copy I will en- 
close if I can procure one before the post set*, 
off, I will also enclose the order of Congress 
concerning wounded & maimed soldiers & 
seamen. 

The affairs at New York seem at present 
almost wholly to engross our attention ; we 
have not had the full of the particulars of the 
action of the 27 ulto on Long Island from the 
General, but by the best accounts we have ob- 
tained it appears that our people were decoyed 
& surrounded by the main Body of the Enemy 



314 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



[November, 



;itKl obliged to light their way thro' or sHrren- 
<ler prisoners. It seems there must have been 
Nome very great negleet either in not sending 
out proper guards i& ])arties to gain intelligenee 
or they not doing their Duty. General Sullivan 
& Lord Stirling arc prisoners & I believed or 
700 others, the eonsecpience has been the Evac- 
uation of Long Island ifc Governors Island, of 
both which the Enemy are now in possession, 
a very unfortunate beginning of the Campaign 
there. However it is not irreparable and I 
Iiope it will make both otticers &, soldiers more 
careful to keep proper Guards & not sutt'cr 
ihemselves to lie taken by surprize anymore. 

After writing the above General Sullivan 
came to my lodgings in theC'ity and by Ids ac- 
counts the atlair of Long Island was much as I 
had heard. He says he has two verbal mes- 
sages from Ijord Howe which he is permitted 
on his parol lo come to Congress to propose, 
one is the exchange of himself & Lord Stirling 
for Gen' Prescott it McDonahl, the other is to 
propose a meeting with some of the Members 
of Congress (as private Gentlemen for lie cant 
Hcknowledge any such body as Congress) to see 
if they cant agree on some proposition for an 
a,ccommodation without further Bloodshed and 
says he will meet at almost any place for the 
purpose, These are but verbal messages & I 
can easily see great difiieulties that may arise 
let the Congress acce|)t or refuse the proposed 
Conference. Wliat the Congress will do is at 
present uncertain Viut ho|ie they will be direct- 
ed by the Supreme Disposer of all Events, to do 
in this and every other affair before them what 
will be most Conducive to the Safely & Happi- 
ness of these xVmeriean States. 
So wishes your 

triend & most obedient 
Humble Serv' 

.loslAIl HAHTLliTT 

Gen' Kdi.soM. 

ExETKii November -t"' 177!) 
^Iy Dk.vk Sir 

While at Hartford (from whence I returned 
the 2'' Inst) I Kec' yinu- favor ot the 12"' ulto 
:ind sin(-e my return I Uec' yours of the latter 
End of September & o''' of October and in those 
letters I Rec' the Copies of G' Burgoynes pri- 
vate Letters to tlie Secretary of State sundry 
pamphlet of the Journals of Congress with 
newspapers Sic &c for which I am mucli 
obliged to you The General Court havi^ been 
siting about a fortnight, have resolved to lay 
in our Claims to the New hampshire Grunts West 
of Connecticut River, and appointed M' J. 
Livermorc! in conjunction without Delegates in 
(!ougress to appcir assert and prosecute our 
liights and an act is now Drafting to imjiowcr 



Congress to take up the matter agreeable to 
their Resolves for that purpose. A vote has 
jiassed empowering you & 3r Woo'bry Lang- 
don to Represent tlie State in Congress till Re- 
lieved or Recalled a Copy of which I suiipose 
Avill bosent by the President. Gen Whj])ple & 
Gen' Folsom arc appointed Delegates but 
whether eitlier of them will accept is at pres- 
ent uncertain. I Believe Gen' Folsom will ac- 
cept and pcrhajis 51' Whipple may be prevailed 
on to attend next Spring if necessary. Col 
Samuel Folsom it (!ol j\[oses Nichols are 
appointed to repair to the Army Sc Endeavor 
to reinlist our Soldiers During tlie war whoso 
times are now Expiring. The G Court seems to 
be of opinion that no more taxes can be raised 
by this State till there is a new proportion 
amongst the Several Towns, and are about 
sending out precepts for that pur))ose. The 
Requisition of Congress for our proportion of- 
I.') millions monthly has not yet been acted 
upon but from what I can at present learn am 
in hopes it will be raised tho not so soon as is 
Desired. 

The result of our meeting at Hartford will 
come to Congress before this reaches you. 
Please to inform me what are the sentiments of 
(Congress Relative to the measures proposed 
ifc whether there is a probability of th^ Several 
States cominginto those measures. I well knew 
the Difficulties of Regulations of prices but 
unless something is soon Done to Stop the De- 
preciation of Currency it will .soon cease to be 
a circulating medium ami the Distress and 
Dangers that will follow are obvious to Every 
man of Common Sense and what better measure 
can be taken to keep off so Dangerous a Situa- 
tion '. Taxes alone we find by fatal Experience 
will not, and if the Taxes are Collected and the 
money will not purchase the necessaries for the 
army what will it avail. If anything bettci- 
can be adopted than we have proposed I shall 
Cheerfully agree to it, if not is it not best to try 
regulations once more on the ))roposed plan 
until the opposition Ex|)ectcd from those large 
Taxes begin to take Effect ? if that alone will 
Relieve us the Regulations will of course be at 
an End when people cannot get so much for 
their articles as the stipulated prices. 

The (iommittee of Safety in the last Recess ot 
the General Court had Rec' information that 
some ])ersons in this State & the State of Mas- 
sachusetts were Concerned in Carrying on a Cor- 
respondence with the Enemy by means of a 
Salt Wiu'ks near Cape Cod and that one or 
two of thellefngees were in this State secreted 
that Came out that way The Committee or- 
dered Robert Smith to take ii]> Sundry sus- 
pected persons and enjoined ourselves to Secre- 
sv. the matter however got to the ears of the 



ims. 



HIST O R I C A L >! A G A Z I N E 



215 



j^jaities and such proof was made that it was 

j-onvcycd to them by Col S H -t who you 

know has lately been of that Committee that 
the otliei's ot tlie Committee ordered him not 
to meet witli us til tlie matter was cleared 
ip or the siting of the Geni-ral Court, 
ihe Court since tlieir siting liave taken up tlie 
matter and after a full hearing and the Evi- 
.dcnces on both Sides produced the jV.ssembly 
have expelled liiui their House, a^ I am inf(n'm- 
ed, nem con 

We have for sometime had various launors 
'if the success of the French Fleet to the 
.Southward but no certain intelligence to be 
depended on The enemy's leaving Hliode 
Island and the Forts up the North Hivei- shew 
their apprehensions. There is a report hero 
tliat the Brittish Troops liave left Penobscot 
and from several circumstances I apt to believe 
itlruc tho there is lu) c"rtain accounts come to 
hand. 

I am. ItespectfiiUy yours 

J. BAKTi.^yrT. 
Nov {)"' "SI Jessi; Johnson it D' Hedges are 
in Town and were last Evening with the Prcsi- 
■ dentM'' Dudley & myself. iVc. 

Col N Peahody, 
i KmJorsed \ 
Colo Bartlett Nov 4"' 79 
\lw:' 'ii Do. 



.?. — WdUaiii W/iippfe. 

Horu at Kittery, iu Maine, hi 1730, and was a iiei^^hbor 
at' Sir William Pepperell, and drank in, as a boy, the inspi- 
ratioDB of the Klory of the i:apture of Lonisbur!^ by the 
New Eni^land Militia. In liis yonth, he followed the sea; 
but, at twenty-nine, became a merchant in Portsmouth^ N. 
H. When the strni^i^le for freedom toolc place, his nei;^h- 
bors having;: discovered liis merits, the caljin-boy was suc- 
cessively a Member of the Provincial Coii2:res8 of U7o, one 
of the Committee of Safety, and, in 17T>i, a Delej^ate to 
the Continental Congress ; and became .1 prominent mem- 
ber of the Marine Committee, which founded the first Navy. 
He served with distinction at Saratoga, as a General Ofli- 
ccr, and was entrusted with (he charge of the Convention 
troops, after Burj^oyne's surrender. He also served with 
'*jeneral Sullivan, in'Rhode Island. He held many respon- 
sible positions; and died in harness, on the twenty-eighth 
day of November, 178-i, in his tifty-sisth year. The block- 
tionse in which he resided at Portsmouth, fortitied ai^ainst 
the Indians, was torn down a few years since. 

Pint, \ OKI, PHI \ '20"' .June 177!) 

Mv 1)i;m! Sik 

You may well think it strange that we are so 
long without intelligence from Europe n cir- 
onm.stance that I cannot aec' for unless we may 
suppose thei'c has been many miscarriages. 

Your distress on ac-count of the Currency is 
not to be wcmdercd at, it is really an object of 
irreat concern & demands tlie most serious and 
diligent attention.three days in the week arc de- 
voted to that business & I hope a bill will soon 
make its appearance that will dispel the gloom 



that now overspreads the countenances of 
America Friends You ask where Gen'. W 
' and his jtrmy is. i can only answer that they 
I arc in the Neighborhood of Iludsons River; 
I tho movemeuts of the Enemy on that River 
I and of our ai-iuy in consequence, yon undonbt- 
I edly have a history of, before this time. It is 
' surprising that v.'c have no authentic intelli- 
I gence from S Carolina since the 5''' May, when 
' undoubtedly very important events have taken 
jilace there, since that date, the reports (which 
j are many) all agree that a general action has 
1 hapjiened & that we have gained a complete 
( victory the ])articulars are hourly expected 
j])erhai)s [ may have the satisfaction of inclos- 
j iiig theiu in this letter. 

1 believe the drawing of the lottery is nearly 
! finished but my attention has been so much en- 
gaged in other matters that I have not tho' 
I lately (if making ini|uiry. I snpi)ose the Gen- 
eral Assiinlily are now sitting tt I hope some- 
thing will be done respecting the Grants. New 
York are conf inually pressing to have that busi- 
ness drawn to a conclusion, and insists thattliere 
shall not bo a seperato state, but will aciiuiesce 
in any other mode of settling the dispute. I 
think it of imjiortance that N II sho*' lay in 
her claim and send some person here well in- 
formed, to support the claim, sho'' that country 
be added to N Y she will be a powerful and I 
am apprehensive a troublesome neighbor. I 
know you must h.avc important business before 
you, but this is an object of such magnitude as 
in my humlile opinion demands the earliest 
attention. 1 have been for a long time daily 
ex])ecting a colleague but am still without one ; 
you are not ucijuainted with the disadvantages 
I mu.st necessarily labor under for want of as- 
sistance. "When I left home it was my inten- 
tion to return in Jlay but as I am determined 
never to turn my back upon difficulties I liave 
no objection to continue here till those we 
have now to encounter are conquered but must 
confess I think it hard that I cannot have the 
aid oi a Colleague — both the Lee's have taken 
leave of Congress, the Dominion now makes a 
very indifferent ligure, but I understand there 
arc some appointments which( when they arrivej 
will place that State in a more respectable 
point of light. It is not an agreeable thing to 
see a state divided, that has never yet been the 
case with N II, but will it not be the case 
when the two last chosen gentlemen ajjpear 
together ? Unanimity is ever desirable in pub- 
lic councils but never more necessary than at 
the present day, besides the disadvantages to 
the iiublic it must be very disagreeable to any 
Gent" to \>'? opposed to his Colleague in oflice. 
I think these considerations ought to have some 
influence in the choice of public characters 



JKi 



H I !S T t ) in C A L MAGAZINE. 



Xovcmbc'iv 



'22'' Colo Peabody arrived last evening. I find 
by him that I am not mistaken in niy eonjeeture 
respeeting- liim and liis intended Collague, 
c-annot sametliing lie done to i)re.vcut tiic evils 
that may lie the consequence of a division of 
sentiment 

I am liappy to hear you have such [iromising 
prospects of a plentiful Harvest, from all ac- 
counts there never was so great an appearance 
of plenty in this country as the present season 
affords Will not these distinguislied marks of 
the favour of Heaven dispel our Oloonis and 
animate us to cooperate in the promotion of 
our Country, happiness & intliat way show our j 
gratitude to divine Beneficence. 

The Boston it Confederacy have sent in here 
a ship of 24 guns and 9."i men, a private cruis- 
ing ship it it is reported thisniorn'g they have 
taken the Delaware it destroy'd another shij) 
of war but this wants confirmation. I hope 
shortly to have it in my power to give you 
sucli information as will tend to dispel the 
clouds that seem at present to interrupt your 
liappiness, in the mean time be a.ssured that I 
am. 

Your verv sincere 
Friend'it Obed' 

W. W. 
non'ble, 

.losi.Mi Baktlv:tt Esq' 
KiNGSTo.v, New Hampshire 
lEndorsedh'i B,irtlctt] 

A^hil)ple'30'i' it 22'' .rune 1770. 

PORTSMTU W Sept 1770 
31y Dkai? Bug' 

I have this moment heard of this djvportuni- 
ty by Chadliorne who is just going out of town 
that I have time to say but "very little. I ar- 
rived here y" aO"' ulto it shall set out again in 
;ibout 4 or weeks, there has; ]ycn some skir- 
mishes between our Troops it the Enemy at 
York Init theaccot' are so various that there i.s 
no depending on them, tlic accounts from 
abroad concerning the disposition of France 
towards us are very favorable, a\ e have nothing 
to do but keep our Ground this year, and all's 
our own, even if we she' loose some ground it 
will be of no great consequence, the last ad- 
vice from the Northern Army is much more 
favorable than they were some time ago, so I 
hope you will be more at ease th.in you have 
been for some time past. I can hardiy flatter 
myself that I shall have the [ileasure of seeing 
but hope shall hear very particularly from y<iu 
before I return to my Winter quarters 
Adieu 
W. Arim't-LK 

To Joseph Whipple Esqr 

[Ejiilarsed.] 



W W. PouTSM Sept 0" 1'; 
rec' in Dartmouth 



7(i 



■->'. — Matthew Thurnton. 

Boru in Ireland, in 1T14, and iiccompanied bis parents in 
their emitrration to Worcester, Mass. lie was liberally ed- 
nc;ited and a prominent phy."ician. He accompanied Sir 
William Pepperell's successful Louisbur;; expedition, as a 
Surgeon; and, on hi.'- return, the Royal Governor, Weut- 
worih, gave hiin the command of a Militia Regiment, 
and mane him a Justice of the Peace, both coveted posi- 
tions. When Governor Wentworth abdicated, Thornton's 
great popularity led to his elevation, as his successor; and 
ne was made Speaker of the House, in the Provincial Con- 
gress, a .ludge of the Superior Court, and a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress. In 1TS2, he retired from public 
life, which held open a bright vista uf usefulness at Ex- 
eter. He died at Newbnryport, on the twenty- fourth of 
.Tune, 1803. at the age of eighty-nme. His grand-son. 
Captain Thornton, ot the Navy, was second officer of the 
A'cr^ai't, in her engagement with the .t/d^r/w//. His let- 
ters are of great rarity, and his signatnre generally occnrs 
to business papers. 

An autograph document, being a conveyance 
by James Lindsay of Londonderry in the Prov- 
ince of New Hampshire, yeoman, to William 
Eayrs of the same Town it Province yeoman in 
consideration of Ten Pounds Lawful Money, of 
certain premises in Londonderry ; dated nine- 
teenth day of J.anutiry A. D., 17Gi, drawn and 
witnessed by it acknowledged before ^latthew 
Thornton Justice of the Peace. 

Also another d<ienmeut signed, datecl .ian. 20- 
1797, likewise of no interest except as a speci- 
men of his signature. (Both these to be replaced-' 
bv Ictlers when practicable.) 



n. — M.\SSAl'HOSET'rs. 

Ci-edentidls. 
In Provincial t'ongress, C'ambtidge. 



December 
Province 
of the 

Massachusetts 
Bav 



1774 



I 



Resolved 
That the proceedings of the American Con- 
tinental Congress held at Philadelphia on the 
.j"' of Sejitcmber last and reported by the 
hon'''" Delegates from this Colony, have with 
the deliberation due to their high importance, 
been considered by us, and the American Bill 
of nights therein contained appears to be form- 
ed with the greatest ability and judgment, to 
lie founded on the immutable Law of Nature 
and Reason, the principles of the English Con- 
stitution and respective Charters and Constitu- 
tions of the Colonies, and to be worthy of their 
most vigorous suppoit as essentially "necessary 



18().s. 



H 1 ti T () K I C A L MAGAZINE. 



2V, 



to Liberty. Likewise the ruinous and iniquit- 
ous measures which in violation of these 
Jtightx^ at present convulse ant! threaten de- 
struction to America, appear to be clearly 
pointe<l out and judicious, plans adopted for 
defeating- tliem. 

Resolved, that the most grateful acknowl- 
edgements are due to the truly honorable and 
patriotic ^Icmliers of the Contiuental Congress 
for their wise and able exertions, in the cause 
of American liberty and this Congress in their 
own names and in behalf of this t'olony do 
hereby with the utmost s ncerity express the 
same, llesolved that the Hon John Hancock, 
Hon Thomas (Uishing Esijr, M' Samuel Adams, 
John Adams it Robert Treat Paine Esqrs or 
any three of theui be, and they hereby are ap- 
))ointed and authori/.etl to represent this Colony 
on the Tenth of May next or sooner if neces- 
sary at the American Congress to be held 
at Philadelphia vith full power with the 
Delegates trom the other American Colonics 
to concert agree upon direct and order such 
further measures as shall to them ajjpear to be 
the best calculated for the recovery and estab- 
lishment of American Rights and Liberty and 
for restorir.g her wrong between (ireat Britain 
and the C'llonies. 

A true extract from the Minutes 

Benjamin Lincoln, Secretary 



1. — John Haneoel; 

Born at Quincy, Massachusetts, in 173T, son of the Rev, 
.Tohn Hancock, an orphan at seven years of age : at seven- 
teen, after praduatins at Harvard, he entered 'hewaro- 
honse of his uncle Thomas, from whom lie inherited his 
fortune and his home on Boston Common, lately destroyed. 
He visited England in 1760 and witnessed the coronation of 
George III., to whom he was destined to afford so much an- 
noyance. At the age of twenty-six he inherited a large es- 
tate from his uncle and soon entered political life as a Rep- 
resentative in the Provincial Assembly of ItfiC. As the 
first President of Congress his bold signature was appended 
to the Declaration, and stood alone with the Secretary's at 
the foot of its first publication, of which a copy precedes 
this notice. He was the first State Governor elected, and 
presided over the affairs of Massachusetts for several tenne 
with signal ability, and continued in active life up to his 
death on the eighth of October. 1793. The story of nis pat- 
riotic career is too familiar to justify repetition. 

An ofiicial document signet! as President of 
of Congress, dated April 3, 1776. 

Pinr.ADEr,rni.i. .Tune 11" 177(5 
Gkntlemen 

The Congress have this Day received advices 
and are fully convinced, that it is the design of 
General Howe to make an attack upon the City 
of New York as soon as ])ossil)le The attack 
tliey have Reason to believe will be made 
within ten Days. I am therefore most ernest- 
ly to request yon, by order of Congress, to call 
fortli your Militia as requested in my Letter of 



the 4 Inst and to forward them with all Dis- 
patch to the City of New York ; and that yon 
direct them to inarch in Companies, or in any 
other way that will hasten their arrival there. 

The important Day is at hand that will de- 
cide, not only the Fate of the City of New 
York but in all probability the whole Conti- 
nent. On such an Occasion there is no necessi- 
ty to use Argument with Americans. Their 
feelings, I well know, will promt them to their 
dutv, and the Sneredness of the Cause urge 
thein to th.- Fielil. 

The greatest Exertions of Vigour i' Expedi- 
tion are requisite to prevent our Enemies from 
getting possession of that Town, I would there- 
fore again most ernestly reijuest you, in the 
name and by the Authority of Congress to em- 
ploy every mode in your power lO send forward 
the Militia agreeably to the Reipiisiiion of Con- 
gress, and that you will do it with all the Dis 
patch which the infinite impprtance of the 
Cause demands 

I have the honour to be 

Gentlemen 
Your most obed' & 
■* Very Humble Servt 

.TonN Hancock, Prest 
Honble (Convention of New Jersey 

Pjin.ADEi.piiiA July ir> 177G 
Gentlemen, 

The article of lead being so essentially neces- 
sary, and the Propriety of every Colony being 
furnished with it so evident that the Council of 
Safety of this Colony recommended to the Li- 
haliitantsto spare the Lead Weights from their 
Windows and the Lead from their Houses: by 
which means they have been furnished with H 
considerable quantity which has been run into 
Ball, and part of whit-h the Council of Safety 
here have willingly spared, and is now on the 
wav to the Jerseys. But as under the present 
Exigency, that quantity is far short of what is 
wanti-d for the Army in New Jersey and every 
Method should be used to furnish it, I have it 
therefore in charge from Congress, most ernest- 
ly to recpiest you to su|)ply the Flying Camp 
and Militia with all the Lead in your Posession, 
or that you can i)ossibly procure. 

The Exigency ol our Affairs will not admit 
the Least Delay ; and I am convinced there is 
no necessity to use Arguments to induce you to 
an instant compliance with this Requisition 

I am to inform you that as you have not en- 
closed to Congress C!opies of Gen' Washington's 
and BrigadierGen' Livingtons Letters no judg- 
ment can be found by Congress concerning the 
Contents of them anclto request copies of them 
to be sent hither 

Measures are taking in Pennsylvania it 



318 



HISTORICAL 5IAGAZIISK. 



[November, 



3Iaryland lor forming the Flyiii'i C'amp : and 
in the mean time tlie assoeiated !JIilitia are 
marcllin^■ in great numbers from Pennsylvania 
for tlie liefence of New Jersey. Ammunition 
lias been and will be supplied by this Congress 
for the defence of New Jersey. With regard to 
the pay of the ^Militia I am to ac()uaint yon 
that Congress will observe tlie same Rule of 
Conduct towards New Jersey as towards other 
Colonies 

Four tons of Powder are on tlie w;iy to New 
Jersey, and a large number of Muskelt Cart- 
ridges well balled will this day be sent forward 
1 have the Honour to be 
Gentlemen 
Your most obedt & 
very hble serv' 
John 1Ian<-ocic, Presid' 
Hon'ble I'onvention of New Jersey, 

Gkxtlemkx 

Your Favour resiiecting the proper iiiea>!ires 
to be taken with your late Governor AVilliam 
Franklyn Es<[ came to hand on Saturday the 
li'' Inst, Rut as the Congress did not sit on that 
Day I could not lay it Ijetbrc them till ^londay 

I now do myself the Honour of enclosing to 
yju the Resolves of Congress, which they have 
this Day passed with regard to the Treatment of 
him. You will there perceive the Congress 
have directed him to lie sent to Connecticut 
under a Guard 

I shall write to Gov' Trumbull to treat him 
.\s a Prisoner should he refuse to give his Parole 
in Writing 

The other resolves herewith transmitted arc 
of such a nature that no arguments are neces- 
sary to enforce them You will be pleased to 
attenil to them as soon as possible. 
I liavc the Honor to be 

Gentlemen your most obed' 
& very hble servt 
John Hancock, Pres' 
Honble Convention of New Jersey 

An official document signed as Governor of 
Massachusetts, dated July 1, 1781. 

Au autograph message to the Assembly oi 
Mass., signed 'J. H.' dated Council Chamber 
Boston f8"' Febv 178:;. 



drafted tlie Decl.avation ; from 1777 to 17SS (wheii he finally 
returned home) repeatedly a Foreign Minister; connected 
with every detail of the fonndatiou^of the Government and 
its administration, he left the scene of his usefnlness, ap- 
propriately, on the anniversary of its birth, llie fourth of 
July, 1826," in his ninety -second year, followed, iu tliree suc- 
cessive generations, by men worthy to adorn his name and 
record liis L'reatuess. 



Bi'.AixTKEi:. Nov "28 ITiO 



Siu 



.'. — John Adams, 

Born at Quincy. Massachusetts, on the thirtieth of Octo- 
ber, 17^5. After graduatinj^:, with honor, he was admitted to 
the Bar, in 1758, and became distinguished in his profession 
He was a constant disturber of the tranqnility of the vice- 
regal authority of Barnard, Hutchinson, and Gage. A 
Member of the Congress of 1774 and subsequent Congress- 
es, Vice-President under Washington's Administration, and 
hie sncoespor as President: a member of Committee that 



I had this moment between two and 
three o'clock the Honour of your Letter of this 
Days Date requesting my attendance on the 
Hon House of Representatives. Some particu- 
lar circumstances render it inconvenient tor me 
to Sett oft" this afternoon but tmnorrow morning 
I will do myself the Honour of waiting on the 
Honorable House. Mean Time 

I am your humble Servant 

JoHX AOAMs 

Hon Ja:mi;s Wa]:hk.n Kstj 

I5ai,t[moki: l"cb ■.'0 ■' 1 i ;T 
D' Sin 

Yesterday 1 had the jileasure ol' yours of 
Jan 28. I am rejoiced to hear of the Pleasures 
taken by our State to raise their Rattalicms and 
to tax an hundred Tliousand Pminds. Con- 
gress have been upon the subject of regulating 
the j)rices of Labour and Provisions, I shall in- 
close you what they have done. .\rc not these 
mere temporary expedients and [laliative Reme- 
dies — He must aim at a radical cure. The suc- 
cess of our cause appears to me to depend en- 
tirely (under God) on our Supporting the Credit 
of our Currency. This must be done at all 
Events but cannot be done long by regulating 
Prices We must cease emitting. We must l)or- 
row and we must import it possible a Fund of 
Gold and Silver to redeem the Rills as they be- 
come payable. Pray write me your thoughts 
on this subject 1 wish I had time to enlarge, 

The Hon Jo.sKi'ir Palmku Esqr 

Rraintree, ^lassa Ray, 

To the Officers of the late American Anny and 
Navy assembled on the 4''' of July 1708 in the 
Society of the Cincinnati, of tlic State of 
New York 

Gentlemen 

Your respecti"ul a<ldress has been jireseutcd 
to me by your Senators in Congress M' Nortli 
and M' Lawrence, wlio are also ]\[eniliers of 
your Society 

The interestinii and critical situation i>f our 
Country, threatened as it is by a vci-y powerful 
foreign Nation could not fail to command the 
attention of gentlemen of your cliaracter and 
habits of Life. 

I am happy to find that your opinions coincide 

* Original letter sent unsigned, as a precaution. 



ItJiJS.l 



rl I S T O K I A J. M A G A Z I xN K 



219 



witli luiiio upon iill the cai-diniil points : that 
our essential riyhts as a free and Independ- 
ent Nation are at every liazard to be maintain- 
ed, tliat tlic Constitution of our country as es- 
tablished l)y the clioiceof the people is in every 
event to be defended against all foreign 
eontroul or interference : that invasion from 
abroad from whatever quarter is to be repelled 
by united and vigoious exertions, that our 
Government never ouglit to subscribe to national 
degredation, that the evils of war can bear no 
comparison with the sacrifice or abandonment 
of any of tliese great principles. 

It has ever been a maxim witli all sound )V- 
publics, that to give way to injustice is the 
most flagrant act, and to submit to insult the 
most pernicious elfect of cowardice, it is imjios- 
sible ihercfore that (you) who fought the bat- j 
ties of our Kevolution with so mucli reputation I 
upon sucli principles should not dedicate your i 
lives to the maiiitainance of them 

John Adams 

Philadelphia. July 9' KflS. 



.■?. — Samuel Adirmx, 

Boru in Boston. Massachusetts, on the twenty-second of 
September, 1722. Possessing both inflnencc and property; 
learle.ss in the assertion of what he beiieved to be right ; 
and with the eloquence and talents to express his views, 
Mr. Adams was an early and powerful champion of the 
people. He was one of the foremost men of the Revolntion, 
although less commemorated by posterity (it is hinted by 
the inliuence of hereditary hostility) in his native town than 
some of hiscotemporaries. He represented Boston, iul76.^, 
in her CJeneral Court, and. for forty years afterwards, held 
positions of honor and trust. One of the projectors of the 
plan of a General Congress, he served as an active and in- 
fluential member, from 1774 to 1^81. After holding the most 
distinguished positions, including those of President of the 
Senate, Lieutenant-governor, and, for successive terms, Gov- 
ernor of his native State, he died, at the mature age of 
tMghty-two, on the third of October, 1S*?'3. 

BosTox Jan> ;.il ITT.") 
iSlK I 

I received your kind letter some time ago, 
whicli shoultl have been acknowledged before j 
this time but I beg you would consider that • 
our hands are full. Oni' " worthy citizen"' ^r 
Pan! Revere will explain to you the intelli- [ 
^^ence which we have just received from Eng- ' 
land. It puts me in mind of what I remember j 
to have heard you observe, that we may all be 
soon under the necessity of keeping Shootiiiij 
frons. God grant that we may not be bi'oiiglit 
to extremity or otherwise prepare us for all 
events. [ 

5r Tudor has informed me that a report lias 
prevailed in Philadelphia oi a Fracas between 
M' Gushing and myself at our late Provincial 
Congress, he showed me your letter ; you may 
depend ujjon it there is not tlie least Founda- 
tion for the Report Any Diflerence between 
Mr. Cnshiiig and mc is of verv little conse- 



quence to tlie public cause. I take notice of it 
only as one of the many Falshoods which 
I know to have been propagated by the Ene- 
mies of America. It is also a Misrej)i'cscnla- 
tion tliat the sect taken notice of for opening 
their Shops on our late Thanksgiving Day, was 
tliat of the Peo])!e called (Juaquers. They were 
the Disci))les of the late 31' Sandcrman. who 
woi'sliip God here without the least Molesta- 
tion according to their own manner, and arc in 
no other Light disregarded here but as it is saiil 
they are in general avowed Friends of IhelMin- 
iste'rial Pleasures. This is what I am told, lor 
my own part I know but little or nothing 
about them. The Diflerent denominatitnis of 
Christians here (excepting those amongst them 
who Espouse the cause of our Enemies) are in 
perfect peace and llarmimy. as 1 trust they 
always will be. 

I have written this letter in very great Ila.ste, 
while in the Committee of CoiTes])ondence 
and ccmclude wilh due Regard to your Spouse, 
and all friends 

Yours affectionately 
Sam Adams 

3Ir Stephen Coi,i,ixs. 

Also official document signed ;\s (governor, 
dated :\rav S'l' ITltT 



'i.—Hohcrt Treat Paine. 

Born in Massachusetts, in 1T31. After distinguishing him- 
self in his course, at Harvard, he visited England; and on 
his return, entered the ministry, but soon left it for the legal 
profession, iu which he attained a high position. He early 
toolv ground against the ministerial party, and from the 
time he entered the Provincial Congress of Massachusetts, 
in 1774, as a legislator, a Judge, or a citizen, was equally 
useful and distintruished, until 1S04. when he quitted public 
life. Jndge Paine died in May, 1814, at the age of cight.v- 
four. 

Boston Dec' 7"' 1702 
Sn; 

In .lulv last 1 transferred ISOO Dolls (i p e' 

stock to the use of the. United States to till U]> 

my 12 shares in the Bank of the United States; 

there was then :5 m" Intr' due on the same. 

Pletise pay the same to Peter Roe Dalton Eqr 

Cashier of' the Branch Bank Boston for my use 

it oblige your most humble scrv' 

R. T. Paink 

.buiN Kean Esqr 

Cashier of the Bank of the United States 
Philadelphia 

We eertil'y thai iit the Supreme Judicial Court 
held iit Worcester in and for the County of 
Worcester on Tuesday next precceding tlie last 
Tuesday of April 1T!14 Isaac Cole it Burden 
Cole both of Spencer in the Same County 
Yeomen Were ujion an Indictment against 
tlieiii fur uttering and passing Four false and 



330 



i! I ST <) H I C A 1. MAGAZINE 



[November. 



Counterfeit Dollars convicted thereof by Ver- 
dict of a Jary and tliercupon the said Burden 
was sentenced by said Court to be Confined to 
hard labour on Castle Island in the Harbour of 
Boston for the Term of Two Years from the 20" 
day of April A D 1794 — Sentence aiiainst tlu^ 
said Isaac was sus]-)endetl — and that Robert 
Cutter and Israel Hamilton Ijoth of Brookfield 
were the Informers and prosecutors of the said 
Burden and Isaac ten' the crime aforementioned 
— in which case the L iw entitles the informers 
to a Reward of Fifteen Pounds 

RoiSERT Tkeat Paink ) Justices 
Increase Shmnku : of said 

Tiio" Dawes Jun' > Court. 



.■;. — Elhrldge Gerry, 

Boru at Marblehead. Masaachnsetts, on the seventeenth 
of July, 1744. His father, a merchant of means^ educated 
him at Harvard, where he (graduated with credit, in ITfla. 
Entering into mercantile Impiness, he acquired botli reputa- 
tion and property. One of the early opponents of the pol- 
icy of the Ministry, he waa an active member of the Gen- 
«ra! Court, in 1T73, and was returned to the first Provincial 
Congress. He was the friend of General Warren, iis Pres- 
ident, and is paid to have shared his bed, the nipht before 
his deatli, at Bunker-hill. He was a Member of the ('onti- 
nental Congress, was Minister to France, and Governor of 
Massachusetts, and died suddenly on the twenty-third of 
November, 18'4, while Vice-President of the United States, 
at the age of seventy, and was interred in the Congres- 
!iional Cemetry, at Washington, nnder a monument erected 
by Congress to his memory. A son. Captain Gerry, of the 
Navy, was lost in command of the ill fated sloop-of-war 
Albany; and a grandson and namesake is a practicing law- 
yer in tliiscity. 

PiriH[)i;r,iMnA 20"' of Aut;' 1783 

Dear Siu 

In compliance with your Request, I have 
made Emjiiiry Hbout Col" Lee. I find that he is 
in Virginia ns far from tliis place on the one 
side as Atkinson is on the other, I shall there- 
fore keep your Note until it can be sent by a 
Safe Conveyance or delivered to your order 

The Court of Madrid has at length fiivcn a 
publick rece[(tion to M' Carmichael, but he has 
not been presented in E.xpectation that M' .lay 
wlio was then at Paris would repair to Madrid 
&, in r|uality of Minister go thro" the Formalities 
of the Court 

A Treaty of Commerce is ratified with 
Sweden & one is on ye Tapis with Denmark 
but the Emperor of Ru.ssia has acted cav- 
alierly with Mr. Dana, who in his Tnni has con- 
ducted with great Spirit, Address & Dignity 

I wish you was present, as a Member of Deci- 
sion is much wanted on ye New Hampshire 
Seat to form a Representation 

I remain Sir in Haste your Friend & hum 
Serv' 

E Geury 

Hon M' Pbabodt, 



CAMBRIDC4E 31" March 1801. 
Dear Sir, 

Mr Sprague, a respectable merchant of Salem, 
who will present tliis,has a claim on the French 
Government, the circumstances of which he 
will communicate to you, for a considerable 
sum. the demand, it seems, has been establish- 
ed by an award, which was lodged with Major 
Mountflorcnce, whilst chancellor of the consul- 
ate : & as Mr. Sprague has only a copy of ho 
document, it will probably be reciuisite that he 
should recover the original. I know not with 
whom the consular papers are lodged, but havt 
recommended his application to yourself, for 
information on tliis 6c any other point touching 
his claim, & for such assistance as may promote 
its recovery. I propose to write to you soon, &" 
request you in the interim to present Mrs. Ger- 
ry's & my own & petitssincere regards to Mad- 
ame Villette, Madamois' Charlotte & Charles, &■ 
to remember me generally to all our friends, be- 
ing assured Dear Sir that 

I remain your assured friend 
it hum" Ser' 

E Oerky 

FlTI.MAK SkII'WORTII Es(| 

III. — Rhode Islanh. 

1. — Stephen Hopkins, 

Born at Scituate, R. I., on the seventh of March, 170T. 
his early years were passed in agricultural pursuits. In 
about the year 1731, he engaged in mercantile business in 
Providence, and was immediately elected to the Provincial 
Assembly, of which he remained for twenty years a mem- 
ber, and most of the time. Speaker. He was also a member 
of the Congresses of 1774, '5. '6, and Chief justice of the 
State. An early patriot, he enjoyed the public confidence : 
and when, as a Member of the Continental Congress, he af- 
fixed his name to the Declaration, the disease which had 
stricken his hand had not affected his courage. After fill- 
ing many positions of importance, legislative and judicial, 
he died on the thirteenth of July, 178.\ in his seventy- 
eighth year. 

Albany Novemb 8r) 175.T 
Sir 

We expected to have had the pleasure of vis- 
iting your Camp, but find our arrival in Albany 
is too late to attempt i' with that advantage in 
the Destination of the Rhode Island Forces as 
we might have had if we had been sooner. 
Therefore we have contented ourselves with 
sending an Express to Col Harris ordering Iiini 
under your Direction to draw oft' our Proper 
Proportion for Garrisoning and to cause them to 
be put under the care of proper officers and to 
march the remainder of said Forces do\nto 
Albany as soon as may be with Conveniency 
and would depend on your Goodness in direct- 
ing him how to make the march the most easy 
advantageous and expeditious ; as we shall be 
nuder a necessity of leaving this City in a short 
Time, but cannot do it before the arrival of said 



1868 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE, 



321 



Troops 

Wo should huve rejoicod greatly if the Prov- 
inces eoncenieii in this Expedition couUl have 
reaped the hoped for & much desired fruits ol 
it, but arc not of the number of those who un- 
dertake to form a judgment in a Case of this 
Nature without being acquainted with or taking 
in all the circumstances that attend the Afiair. 

Wo doubt not but that the Course of this 
Kxpedition has been conducted with that 
iudgmt'Ut which the dittieiilt circumstances 
attending it required and hope the CTOvernmcnts 
concerned will in the further Prosrcution of it 
have the advantage of your Conduct and the 
Experience you have gained in this troublesome 
campaign, and we also hope to have the pleas- 
ure of seeing you here before our departure and 
are with the utmost Kcspect 
Sir 
Your most obedient humble servants 
Step Hopkins 
D. Updike 
To The Ilou'lile William Johnson Esq' 

Commander in Chief of the Provincial Forces 
at Lake George 

EndDj-sal 

" Gov' IIopKiKS & 'SI' Updike's letter 

'•35"- Nov 
" Rec' en nuirch to Albany," 

Providence Superior Court 
September Term 1771. 

Baulston Brayton A])p't i Costs 

vs '■ for Appel 

Samuel Gardner Appel ) 
Answering Reason & I 

Copy of Do )■ 0. 0. 11 

Att'Eeesttc U. 4 

Attendance i5. — 

Travel 1. 

Written Depositions 13. 4 

Filing objection to Evidence — 

tiling answer thereto 4 

Reading Papers G. SJ 

Swearing Witnesses 

Recording Judgm't 7 

Dr. Ex™ & Taxing 10 



Inf- Court Costs 

ExE 

Allow' 



£1. in 7J 

a. 19 2 

£5. 18 93 



S. Hopkins C. Just 



* Written when paraljzed, as is signature to Declara- 
tion, 



Also official document signed as Clerk of 
the County of Providence, 11. I. dated 9th of 
November 1742. 



^. — William ElUnj, 

Born nt Newport, R. I., on the twenty-second ol' Decem- 
ber, 172T; graduated at Harvard, with credit, in 1747: 
and practiced law with disiinction, for nearly twcuty-tive 
years. He was an early and intelli2:ent patriot and a lover of 
the classics. When the strufjgle was over, he was rewarded 
wilh tlie Collectorship of the port of Newport, which he 
held for forty years ; and the routine of his official ledgers 
had not dulled his love for literature, for he is said to have 
died at the age of ninety-three, on the fifteenth of Febru- 
ary, 1820, with his Cicero in his hand. His letters, however, 
are rarely on interesting subjects. 

NEWPOliT Aug' :U"' 1789 
Siu 

Expects that M' Bouruc would immediately 
after his arrival here proceed on to New York I 
finished & closed the letter which I have sent 
to you by him before he came here 

Yesterday he came down from Providence 
and informed some of the gentlemen of the 
town that he slunild not have engaged to attend 
tiie Providence Petition if he had not been ad- 
vised that some person in this town would be 
employed to take ours to New York, and in 
short appeared to be so uneasy upon the oc'ca- 
sion that a numbci' of citizens thinkiiig it 
might be advantageous to our petition and 
agreeable to the town of Providence persuaded 
M' Marchant to take charge of it and accom- 
pany Mr Bourn. 

M' Marchant was formerly a member of Con- 
gress and I believe is not unknown by you 
He was ;i worthy member of that body & 
highly esteemed, is a firm patriot and a staunch 
IVicmi to the federal government. In a word 
wherever he goes he carries along with hitn his 
own recommendation. The Providence Peti- 
tion tigrees pretty nearly with ours in the peti- 
timiing part. They have carried on a consider- 
able commerce by land with Massachusetts and 
your Stiite and therefore liave requested that 
they might be permitted still to carry it on, an 
indulgence which from our situation would 
not be so beneficial to this town as to that, 
This and an enumeration of their services for- 
merly in the common ctiiiseof our country con- 
stitute the prineipjal differences in tiic Petitions 
Their ))etition passed before we were acquaint- 
ed with the ])hin they meant to ])ursue other- 
wise they would have been more alike. As it is 
they are substantially the same. 

Petitions coming from so respeefable ;t (lart 
of the State seem to be entitled to the favor- 
able attention of Congress, and I hope will be 
granted I am in great haste 

Your most obedt serviint 
William Eli.krt 



222 



HISTOlilCAL MAGAZINK. 



• Kovember, 



[Addressed :] 

The Hon'ble, 

Benjamin IIintinciton Esq 

lic'preseiitativc 
in Congress 

Xcw Ynrlc 
Honored by 

II MARCIIANT Tv-i|I 



I V. — Connecticut. 
1. — Imager Sherman, 

Born in Newton, Mass., on the nineteenth ol' April, 1721, 
At the acre of nineteen, a phoemalicrV apprentice, he founrt 
him5elf,"})y the death of his father, charged with the .support 
of a larffe family. He travelled, with his kit on his back, to 
New Milford, where he worked for some time. Stru^ifling 
against these ditficulties and the want of early culture, 
he was destined to improve the understandini: of more 
considerable people than the rustics whose shoes he patch- 
ed, and to be, not only a member of the Continental Con- 
gress, but charfjed, with .fcfferson and its other most jrifted 
members, with the formin<; of the Declaration, in Commit- 
tee, and, subsequently, as a member of the Convention 
which framed the Constitution and constructed the basis 
of the Government. After aiding in revisini^ the Statutes 
of Connecticut, showing marked ability on the Bench, and 
serving repeatedly in Congress, he died on the twenty- 
third of July, 1793, a member of the Senate of the United 
States, aged seventy-one years. 

Pilil,ADEl,i'i!iA April 28 1702 
Deau Siu 

Both Houses of Congress have agreed to 
close the Session the .5"' of May on Saturday. 
If tliey do I shall if well set out to come home 
on Monday the T"" and if I can have a good 
passage from N York by water shall likely be 
iit home, the Thursday evening following — or 
on Saturday by the Stage — Tliere lias l>een no 
nomination sent from the President to the Sen- 
ate for a Surgeons Mate — I wrote to General 
Knox that Doct' Strong would iiccept the office 
if appointed and I believed execute it faithful- 
ly. I have in my hands a Letter for Mrs Woos- 
ter from Gov' Johnston in answer to lier wher- 
in is enclosed a Bank Bill for 100 dollars. I 
thought it not best to send it by the Post lest 
it should be lost you may tell Iter of it. 
I am in health 
HooER Sherman 

\_Add)vsscd\ 
M' RoGEn Sherman .lun' 

New Haven 
Free 
Roger Sherman 

Also, iin A. D. S. dtited 20 April, 17."1 



2. — Soinvel Huntinijton. 

Bora at Haddam, Conn., on the second of July, 1732. 
His father was a small farmer. lie was practicing "law at 
Norwich, in l"t>4, when first known in public life, as a mem- 
ber of the General Assembly. Ue was made a Judge of the 
Superior Court, in 1774, and"elected a Representative to the 



Continental Congress, in 1775, where his distinguished abil- 
ity and patriotism elevated him to its Presidency, in 1779, 
which position he resigned from ill health. Succeeding 
Mr. .Jay in the Spanish Mission, he consummated a Treaty 
with that power. Ue was elected Governor of his native 
State, and occupied that position when he died, at the age 
of sixty-four, on the fifth of January, 1796. 

Piiii.AiiEi.rHiA. .Tan> 18. 17S0. 
Sir, 

Your Excellency will receive herewith en- 
clos'' two Acts of Congress of the l:!th A' 14'" 
Instant. 

The 
former containing tl)i- regulations adopted re- 
lating to prisoners of wai', taken by the Conti- 
nental Troops or captured l)y the tirms of any 
particular State cither by Sea or Land. 

ilany difficulties have 
tre(|Uently occurred for want of such a general 
regulation too numerous to be recited. It is 
proper to observe that the first paragraph of 
the Act recommending to the Executive of the 
several States to transmit with all possible ex- 
pedition to Gen' Washington the names A 
rank of all officers, and the number of privates 
belonging to the Enemy held as prisoners of 
war in each Stiite, and the places they arc at 
Ac should be complied with as soon as possible 
by those States that have any number of 
prisoners. 

The other Act of the 14 Inst 
recommending to the Legislature of the several 
United States to make provision when not al- 
ready made for conferring like privilidges and 
immunities on the Subjects of his most Chris- 
tian Majesty as are granted to the subjects and 
Inhabitants of these United Stiitcs by the recit- 
ed Articles in the Treaty of Amity and Com- 
merce, will no doubt be chearfully <-omi)lie<l 
with bv each of the States. 

His 
Most Christian ilajesty as soon tis the Treaty 
became known published tin Edict Conform- 
able to that Article exemptiug the Subjects 
A Inhabitants of these United States from the 
Droit D'Aubaine Ac. 

1 have the honour to l)e 
with every sentiment of respect 
yourExcy's hble Servt 

Sam. Hi'NTiNoTON. President 
The President of the State of Pennsylvania 

Philadelphia June Ifl. 1780. 
Sir, 

I am to inform you, that jMajor Genci-til Gates 
is ordered to the Command of the Army in the 
Southern Department and you will see by the 
Act enclos'' of the IC"' Instant it is the Plea- 
sure of Congress that you be employed in the 
Service in that Department as General Gates 
shall direct 



18G8. 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



22;! 



I have tlic honor to be 
Sir, 
Your most hble servt 

Sam. ITrxTiN«TON, Prt'siclciit 
Brigadier Gon' Wr.TCDOx 

XoKwicii Aiijjiist '22fl 17',)1. 
Sni 

I am favour'' with your letter of the 10"' 
Instant Tlie question you projjose respecting 
tlie public paper in thcTreasury viz ; will it not 
■■be advisable on the last day of Sep' to snb- 
■• scribe what shall then be on hand to the Unit- 
" ed States boan. as the property it in the 
■name ot this State; is a question attended 
witli delicacy, it appears to me from a present 
view of tlie subject, that the mode proposed to 
Loan it. most probably would prove beneticial 
to any Interested party in future, whether an 
Individual or tlu' State as events shall deter- 
mine, but on the other hand a weighty olijec- 
tiou arises which is the want of Authority or 1 
direction from Government to negotiate the ( 
paper in this manner. 

By the leave of providence I shall be at 
Hartford the fore part of Septem' Shall 
iarthcr consider the subject & freely give you 
the best advice in my power relative to tlie 
matter. 

I am Sir with Sentiments 
of Esteem &, Respect 
Your humble Servant 

S H 

Mr. Treasurer Colt. 
[Endoned] " Cojjv of a letter to 
Treasurer Colt 
August 3'2'' 17f)l." 

Also official document signed as Captain 
General and Commander in Chief of Connecti- 
cut, dated 17' October 170:?. 



"'. — Will ill m Williams, 

Boru at Lebanon. Connecticut, on the eighth of April. 
1731. He craduiited, in IT.'Sl, at Harvarrl, aiid commenced 
the ?tndy of divinit.v with hif* father. He accompanied hi.'^ 
relative, Colonel Ephraim Williams, in the expedition to 
Lake George, in the French War, in > 7.%». in which the latter 
lost his life; and, soon after his return, aliandoned his stud- 
ies for a successful mercanlile career, in his native town. 
At the ai^e of twenty-live, he was elected to the Provincial 
Legislature, of which, after^'orty-tive years service, he might 
he called the Nestor. Elected a Delegate, also, to the Con- 
tinental Congress of 177ri, he was an ardent supporter of 
Liberty in that and in its successor. When the traitor, Ar- 
nold, undertook, in 17S1, to wreak upon the people of New 
London, within fourteen miles of his birthplace, the ven- 
geance he had threatened, in case his victim. Major Andre, 
was executed, t'olonel Williams, who commanded a mili- 
tia Regiment, rode twenty three miles in three hours to 
join in the defence. His letters show the intelligent inter- 
est he took in public events. He was a son-in-law of Gov- 
ernor Trumbull, having married in 1772. After receiving 
many weil-deserv'ed tokens of public confidence, he died on 
the second of Augn.st, 1811, at the age of eighty-one years. 



PniLADELpniA. .lulv 0, 1777 
Hex' Sin 

The current News all y I'otid as we came, 
was that the Enemy were ])ushing to this City 
ifc had made consitlcrablc Progress, that Ships 
were up y'' river as high as Kings Ferry, that 
the Boats were taken up by Gen' "Washington 
&c which determined our rout by tlic way of 
Fish Kill, Eastou ami Bethlehem, which made 
our journey long and tedious, so that we did 
not arrive here till Tuesday y 24"' nil". Ihro 
ye good Hand of God. in Health & Stifety. 
Our Intelligence J'rom the Armys was vague 
lit uncertain on y road, and even here, what lias 
happened since, the partial Battle it the evacu- 
ation of y" Jerseys, & it is now reported of 
Statcn Island, ifcc you will have heard liy M'. 
Sherman A otherwise. I dare stiy. ier this can 
reach you & more perfeetlv than I can give it. 
there is great reason to believe the Enemy arc 
bound to the northern quarter or to New Eng- 
liind, A if reports are true they have sailed A 
their Designs are known before this. Our I^et- 
ters from Gen' Sinchiir who commands ;it Tig" 
indicate his full Expectation of being attacked 
by Gen' Carlton, A I wish I co'tl say of his 
readiness to receive them but not so. A if they 
go to New England it will tlironiy dear Coun- 
try into great Distress liut I sho'd hope our 
army will be able to meet them beibre they can 
make any great Progress. Our sins are so great 
that we iiave reason to expect severe correction. 

that this People were wise, but there is no 
appearance of it. God will accomplish his own 
Designs & what he does is, A will be right, A 
as you piously observe, " future Events are in 
" tiie safe hand of the alwisc A most merciful 
Director." Tlic Enemy have left Jersey in 
Desolation iV ruins where they had been A 
marked their way with merciless rage A Bruta- 
lity, may the God of Heaven look on A pity 
the sufierinus of his People A stive ns from the 
further Effi'Cts of their Ibutal Bage. Tlie aceo' 
you had rec' of the raising A joining tif the 
Southern Troops were ceitiiinly not just. I 
will not say how untrue, for obvious reasons. 

The .lerscy militia turn'd out most .-^liritcdly 
on the late occasion, to their active zeal A exer- 
tions, it mtiy in good measure (under God) be 
ascribed thtit y" Enemy proceeded no further. 

1 find Congress much as I left it, in every re- 
spect, some new members ; their Time mostly 
taken up by Daily Incidents A occurrences. 
very little ])rogress made in y Confederation, 
it had pass'' the Com''' of the Whole House be- 
fore I left, has been a good while liefore Con- 
gress A few important questions yet determin- 
ed, the capital ones of the weight of each 
colony in deciding questions, A Taxation, A 
many others undetermined, the first respecting 



324 



HISTOUICAL MAGAZINE 



[November, 



Y' vote of Each has been entered, & it is most 
strenuously contended in behalf of the larger 
(one that) their vote shall be proportionate to 
their (number of voters whicli is) forcibly oppo- 
sed, I trust & hope it will be (carried for) the 
equal Footing it has been, & without it (the 
smaller Co)lonies will be in cfiect swallowed 
aip and annihilated. 

Your Letter to y" Presid' & its inclosures arc 
rcc* the papers not read in tlie House, )nit 
Committed, I cant say what will )je done ; 
nothing l)Ut what is originated in this Batch 

of • Politicians seems to make any great 

impression. Jlr. Erliclins seems to be vanished, 
we can tind He has been here bnt no Body 
knows who or wlierc he is, tho I believe by en- 
(■[uiry he is in Town, but liave not fiecn able 
yet to find him. I suspect he is chagrined at 
the cool reception he has met with, & keeps 
retired. 

We have applied for the arms you wrote by 
us for, but tind exceeding Difficulty in obtain- 
ing them, I believe not a man Southward or in 
Y" middle Department is supplied with an arm 
but by y" Continent. We have done it thro 
zeal & strong attachment to y Cause, and yet 
they will not seem to know, believe or care 
anything about it, there is indeed such a 
thing as being righteous overmuch, & yet I 
can hardly repent that we have in such influ- 
ences fallen into this Error, but shod N. E. be 
attacked & unarmed we shod have reason, the 
matter is however refer'' to Gen' Washington, it 
M' Sherman, is to negotiate the Affairs with 
him on his return (lie set out y" 3'' Ins') more 
than all the arms we have arc \vanted, which 
must bo allowed as some excuse for their lotli- 
ness to comply. 

We have a very extra'' C^ontract now lying 
before Congress entered into in Sepf last by 

Mr. D with jMons' DuCoudray (after a long 

list of pre nomens) who is present, making 
him Gen'"' & Command'' in Chief of the whole 
Choir of Artillery, with power to till every 
vacant office now & in future, & to be subject 
to no Controul but by the Congress A y' Com- 
ander in Chief of y' whole Army, & with the 
rank of Maj' General, & his pay as in a Separ- 
ate Department, to be on pay from y" 1" of 
Aug' last, & a large Train of under officers of 
various ranks wiio are with him, {ov whom also 
he has made appointments, & to jMons' & all he 
had has advanced a half years pay for expenccs 
n[ preparation & Passage not to be accounted 
for. & with Pensions for Life equal to half their 
Pay annually &c &c. The Contract has had 
several assignments but is not yet taken up. I 
do not expect it will be ratified in full. I for- 
bear to say many things, the City swarms 
with French men. 



I don't know but I transgress the Rules We 
all sign in divulging any matters sub Judice & 
unfinished in Congress, but I cant (refrain from 
communicating important matters to one who 
lias so good a right to know; and to whom I 
& even y" Continent are subject to great obli- 
gations, but S'' you will not make them to be 
publick nor known, as from me especially. 

The prices of every thing here are most 
alarmingly extravagant, much owing to the 
malicious Cunning of our worst Eneniys, the 
Torys, & coinciding with the boundless avarice 
of the Merchants, whose Gain is the Summum 
Bonum ; and all the God they seem to know in 
these Parts, nothing to be done by Congress, 
because, forsooth, it will be intcrl'ering with 
the internal Poliece of this Grand state, in this 
respect the motlier of Harlots etc. tlie iirinciple 
jiroperly applied is however very important. 
Congress seems to be chained to this place, & 
the longer they stay, the stronger a multitude 
of offices and officers are established & employ- 
ed in this City, & some of the worst men 
in some of them. Yesterday was in my opinion 
poorly spent in celebrating the anniversary of 
y° Declaration of Independence, but to avoid 
Singularity & Reflection upon my dear Colony, 
I thot it my Duty to attend the public Enter- 
tainment ; a great Expenditure ot Liquor, 
Powder itc took up y" Day, & of Candles thro 
y City good part of the night, I suppose & 
i conclude much Tory nnilluminated Glass, 
will want replacing &c. 

Dr Young died lately of a Fever caught in at- 
tending y Congress Hospitals in y City, & 
was buried the day we came into Town, poor 
man He now knows the the reality of things, he 
lately disputed & disbelieved, can find out 
very "little of his last Ideas but believe he died 
just as he lived, expecting if there was a future 
State that a man of his Benevolence must be 
happy. 

Am extremely sorry 
I cannot write my lioir' 6c worthy Friend Gen' 
Huntington, & Mr. Hosmer whose Letters I 
have reC' & shall acknowledge soon as possible, 
my apology "svill be I dare say in their opinion 
sufficient, the Rhematic Pain that had so long 
afflicted my right arm, has a few days since 
suddenly tailed into my wrist, which is much 
swoln. has been in great pain day & night, feels 
as hot & looks like y skin of a roasted Pig. it 
is with much pain I write this, & were it not 
better than yesterday, it wo"" have been impossi- 
ble. They will accept my best compliments. I 
had also a Letter from my most dear Mrs, AVil- 
liams, it is peculiarly grievous I cant write her. 
please to remember me to her with most tender 
alfection, & my other dear Friends, may God in 
infinite mercy save this People from their Sins, 



1^08] 



HISTORICAL JIAGAZINE. 



SS5 



<fc remove Ids Judgments. I am with all pos- 
viblo esteem, alfectiou and Respect, your most 
tliitiful, obedient, son ifc servant 

W. AViLLIAMS 

our Lodgings are at present inconvenient, but 
-excessive dear &c. 
Addressed " To 
" His Excellenc}- Jonathan Tkimkull Esqr 

at Lebanon 
■* pr Mr. BnowN Connecticut 

Endorsed "July o"' 1777 

■• Hon W'" Williams Esqr 

■■ at Philadelphia'' 

Leb.\non 4 July 1781. 
Hox'd Sill 

You will remember that yourself with us 
were appointed by the Assembly some time 
-since a Com"' to repair to Jlnhegan, iuijuire into 
the grievances complained of by Zachary John- 
son & others of y old Trilie, of Incroachments 
& outrages coraittcd upon them l.iy White & 
black People &.C 6cc. Zachary is pressing for 
the Com''' to attend upon the Business, has been 
three Day with the Gov' when the Council 
were sitting; it is to us an irksome undertak- 
ing, but it seems hard to put them off much 
longer, from obtaining at least a hearing of 
their grevious Complaints it have therefore 
promised him to attend when it shall be agrea- 
ble to you, I'c proposed to him some time in Sejy 
.soon after Trenman's meeting i to write you to 
fix on the Time 6c inform Gen' Spencer of y 
Day you shall set. 

& we will endeavor to meet you at Time & 
Place, & you will please to obtain it firing with 
you a Copy of the memorial to & Appoinment 
of the Assembly. 

We are, S' witli 
great Respect your 
most obed' & very 
n. Serv" 

* Joseph Spencek 
AV" Williams 



.'/.— Oliver Wolcott, 

Born at Windsor, Connecticut, on the twenty-sixth of 
November, 17i6. Graduated creditably at Yale in 1747 ; 
and receiving a Captain's commission, made a campaign 
against the French. At the peace, lie studied medicine with 
an uncle, but soon abandoned his patieut.=t to minister to 
the people, first as Sheriff of Litchficld-county, then, in 
1T74. as a member of the Council, and for successive terms, 
until 17S6, being in the meanwhile a Delegate in the Conti- 
nental Congress, Chief-justice of Litchfield-county. Judge 
of Probate, and a Federal otHcer, making repeated cam- 
paigns ; commanding fonrteen Regiments of Connecticut 
militia, at New York.'^jnst prior to the Battle of Long Island, 
and, again, participating in the surrender of Burgoyne. 
He waB an energetic and useful man, and apparently in 



■* The Continental General. 

His. Mas. IV. 15. 



great request. He died on the first of December, 179", in 
his seventy-tirst year, being Governor of Connecticut. 



Sm 



Litchfield. Feb'ry .'}"' 1790. 



I have been honoured with your letter of the 
0"' ultimo, relative to a Resolution of the Leg- 
islature of Virginia, proposing to the respective 
States of the Union, an interchange of their ex- 
isting code of laws, and of sucli as shall be an- 
nually enacted. 

Tlie communication which has been oHered 
will in my opinion, aftbrd useful information, 
and have a tendency to imiirove and assimilate 
our general Jurisprudence, and nuiy iirevent 
Jealousies, which might otherwise exist by our 
not being acquainted with the legal principles, 
by which Rights are established and recovered, 
within the respective States — 

The (_Teneral 
Assembly of Connecticut, at their last session, 
eompleated a Revision of our Statutes, and 
which are now in the press. As soon as they 
shall be published, a Book of them shall be 
sent to you by the post, whicli is a mode of 
conveyance tlie most certain and the least ex- 
pensive. 

The proposal of Virginia, to continue an ex- 
change of such laws as shall lie annually enact- 
ed, will be submitted to the order of our Gen- 
eral Assembly, at their next Session. 

Your kind oft'er to transmit a Code of the 
laws of your State, is highly agreeable. 

With sentiments of much esteem and respect 
I am. Sir, 

Your most obed' humble serv' 
Olivek Wolcott 
The Hon'hle IT. Beooke 



V. — New York. 

1.— William Floijd, 

Born at Setauket, Long Island, on the seventeenth of 
December, 1734; the son of a prosperous farmer. He en- 
gaged in agriculture until selected as a Delegate to the 
Congress of 1774, and served until 1733, being part of the 
time also State Senator; again served from 1TH9 to '91 ; was 
three times Presidential Elector : in the State Constitution- 
al Convention of 1801 ; and, a member of the Cincinnati. 
He was not only an industrious and conscientious Repre- 
sentative, but an active patriot, and a -zealous ofHcer of 
the militia. He removed to Oueida-county in 1803; was 
again elected to the State Senate ; and died on the fourth 
of August, 1821, at the advanced age of eighty-seven. He 
has left many descendants, (amongst whom are the Crosby 
family, ) who take just pride in his patriotism, integrity, 
and worth. 

\ return of the names of oflicers 
in the Suftblk County Brigade 
Feb 13"' 179.J 
To the Artilcry ) Joseph Conklin, Cap' 
Company f Henry P Derino 1" Lieut 

In Colo Huntinos Regiment 
SiLVAScs Halsey Capt Vice Caleb Rogeeb 



226 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE 



[November,. 



removed 
Bexjamin Rogers Lieut Vice Silvakis Hal- 

SEY promoted 
Caleb Halsey, Ensign Vice Bcnjamix Rooeks 

promoted. 

Colo Strokgs Regiment 
Samuel T Brings Ensign Vice Isaac Seaman, 
Resigned out of liealth 

W" Floyd. 

Western May 25 1817 
Dear Sik 

I ReC' your letter by — . I was 

glad to hear from tlie family, but was sorry to 
hear that you was under the necessity of fur- 
nishing him witli money to pay his Expenses 
I think it does not have a good appearance that 
a young man in the prime of life dont earn a 
sufficiency to support himself without beino' 
burdensome to his friends. He must dejjcnd 
on his own Exertions for a living. If I tiud, 
he gets capable of doing Business to Advant- 
age I may be induced to give him some assist- 
ance. I have given him fifty dollars to pay the 
expenses of his visit here. Inclosed I send you 
fifty dollars more to be applied for tlie benefit 
of the family in such way as you may think 

proper. My love to M" aiid to my grand 

& great grand children and 

am with great respects 
Yours &c 
W Floyd 

• Esqr 

at New York 
£!ndorsed 

" Gen William Floyd 
25 May 1817" 



S. — Philip Limjigston, 

Bom In Albany, New York, on the flttceuth o£ January, 
1716. He was the fonrth son of Philip, the second proprie- 
tor of the Manor, and brother of Peter Van Brngh and 
William Livingston, patriots of the Revolution, aud of 
Lady Stirling. He graduated at Yale in 17ST; was Alder- 
man of the East Ward, in 1754, and enffa^jed in that year 
with his brother. William, his brothor-in-lew, Lord .Slirling, 
General .lohn Morin Scott, and one or two others, in estab- 
liehing the City, now New York Society, Library. In the 
Assemblies of 1769 and 1762, he took a prominent part with 
three others of his name. The Livingston party, during 
»hi8 period, sustained Governor Shirley from the rivalry of 
Sir William Johnson, supported by the He Lancey party, 
who triumphed in the election of 1T6», defeating Philip and 
P«ter Van Brngh Livingston, John Morin Scott, and The- 
odorui Van Wyek,»8 candidates for the city. This Assem- 
Wy bein^ strongly Tory, refused to consider the action of 
the ContinentalCongress, which occasioned the calling of 
the Convention to elect Delegates to Cougress by which he 
wa» returned to the Congress of ITIB. He conducted an 
able eorrespondenee with Edward Burke, agent for the Col- 
ony, and in the Congress of 1774, wa« on the Commlttea 
that prepared the Address to the People of Great Britain,and 
w«i also a member of the flrst Senate of New Ifork, which 
met in September, 17T7. He was an active patron of C»- 
Inmbia College ; one of the fomnders of the Chamber of 
Commerce ; »ud, in every relation in life, a devoted, pstri- ' 



otic, and courageous man. He died at Y'ork Town, Penn- 
sylvania, on the twelfth of June, 1778, in his sixty-second 
year; and a monument erected over his grave, recalls hi 
services aud the fact that Congress once sat in that place. 

New York 4"' May 17G.5 
Mr. Rkii^' Deriiy, 

Just now arrived here your Schooner Pattv, 
Cai>" Michael Driver, he desired me to ac([uaint 
you of his arrival and that he will wait your 
orders, he has on board 53 pipes Wine for 

Cargo 1 will keep him from Entering if I 

can, till you or your orders arrive Iiere whiclt 
I presume will not be long, as tlie Capt" tells me 
that he has wrote to you trom S" Carolina, tlitit 
he was bound to this place. Wines would I 
suppose sell for aliout foO, Tlie New York 
Wines, the other perhajis about t30 
I remain 

Your Most Hum : Seiy* 
PniL. Livingston 

New York the 10 Fein- 17C1. Rec' of M' W"' 
Coventry Forty three pounds five shillings & 
one penny Phil" Currency being so much lie 
rec' from Messrs Scott '&, Sl'SIichel Sleijcli'* 
there for my Acct. 
£4:j. 5. 1 Pmi. Livingston 



■'•. — Francis Lewis, 

Born in I.landaff . Wales, in the vcar Ul.H. He was cdu 
cated at Westminster, apprenticedto a London merchant, 
and when of age, emigrated to this country and entered 
into mercantile Dusiness. He was aid to Colonel Mersey at 
Fort Oswego, when captured by the Marquis of Montcalm, 
in 17."i7 ; and was taken as a prisoner to Canada, and then to 
France, where he was finally exchanged. In 176B, he served 
in the Colonial Congress, and In the Continental Congresses 
of 177Bandl776. He sppears to have been largely engaged, 
through bis firm of Francis Lewia & Son, in furnishing 
snpplies to the Army : and most of big letters extant refer 
to those subjects. During the possession of Long Island 
by the British, hia property was devastated and his wife 
closely confined and sunjected to great bardahipe. He re- 
tired from Congress in 1778, and died on «he fhirtietUof 
December, 1803, in his ninetieth year. Hia son, Morgan 
Lewis, was Governor and Quartermaster-General of t?e« 
York, aud has many d^cendants. 

York Town. G March 177y. 
Dear Frank. 

Tlie Commercial Committee having directed- 
W" Smith Esijuire of Baltimore, to purchase 
Flour Ac for the public sen-ico, he will call 
upon you for six Thousand Dollars, which you 
will pay him taking duplicate receipts for the 
same, speciiying his being accountable to the- 
Commercial Committee of Congross for the 
game. I am, 

Dear Frank 
Yours Affectionately 
Piu: Lewis 
To Francis Lewis Jon' 



-J. — 'Lewis Morris, 

Born in the year ITM, at tU© Manor «{ tfofrieinij, which- 
ha ioheriteA on the deceaiie of IU« fatber. Qegradngt«il at 



18G8.] 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE, 



337 



Tale, in 1746. He early took a deciJed position in the con- 
test with tlie Ministry, and with much to loose and little to 
gain, abandoned the comforts of home and the allurements 
of a competency, to eerre his lees fortnnate brethren. 
When the Colonial Assembly of New York refused to ap- 
point Delegates to the Provincial Congress, he was active 
in organizing in Westchester-connty, where the royal in- 
terest was paramount, meetings to elect Delegates to the 
Provincial Convention, by which, being a memoer, he was 
elected to the Continental Congress, and took a prominent 
part, until he was succeeded, at his own request, by his dis- 
tinguished brother, Gonveraeur. On the restoration of 
peace, he renewed his favorite avocation as a farmer. He 
was a Major-general of the militia. His family was di- 
vided in sentiment, another brother, Staats Long, becoming 
a Lieutenant-general in the British Army and marrying the 
Dutchess of Gordon, and a brother-in-law, the Rev. ^aac 
Wilkins, being one of the most talented and eloquent of 
the royal advocates, in the Colonial Assembly of 17T5. He 
died on the twenty-second of January, 1T98, aged seventy- 
two years. For some unknown reason, his letters are 



Lands) fully Tcrilying the contents of the With 
in Advertisement, and further I do agree -with 
Lewis Morris Esij' witli respeet to the Slaves & 
Cattle ou the said Estate 

Ann" LoTT 
Xkw YoiiK August 9''' 1760. 

LiTHGOw Decern' 25 1T7C 



SiK 

I wrote to you some time ago when I was at 
Phila and you on Long Island relative to your 
being wrote to from Phi'" that it was there saiil 
that you and your Brothers had refused conti- 
nental money and after finding out by M" Slor- 
ris that you laid the report ou me, immedi- 

of excessive rarity, which is to be regretted, as his prom- ! ately on Uiy getting to Phlla applied to Mr. 

inent sacriflcas, patriotism, and ability, give them marked | Duane, who told me that he had wrote to that 

interest. Many of his descendants reside m and about i u i. » n 4. t i i • 1 •.. t 4.1 ■ . 

New York. i purpose but not that I had said it, I then asked 

T i.r-n- !•• 1 i- ai- 1- T- I /-■ I i him who had told him so, he said the gentl" 

I Wi ham Earl ot btirhng, \ iscount Canada, ... ., „„J 1 t 1 1 ° ■ 

„ , , , 41 ^ T 11 -41 -41 was not in town, the next day I asked again. 

&c do declare that I am well acquainted with 1 j ^ you mean to trace this matfer, 1 

the withm described Tracts of Land be ong- , J by heavens, I did, he then told nte 

ing to William Kelly Esquire in Morris ^.-henever the gentlemai came to town he 

County in East >iew .Jersey and having ex- ' " 

amined the within do think it a just and fair 
description of it 

Stiklixg 



L LEWIS J[OHrJS,EsQriRE. of the Manor of 
Morrisania in the County of West Chester in the 
Proyince of New York do hereby certify that I 
have often been on the within mentioned estate 
and viewed it with particular attention and I 
am of opinion that it answers tht description 
given of it and that I dont know a richer or a 
liner Boily of kiwland in the Province of New 
.Tersey, nor have I ever seen in any part of 
America such tine liom"d cattle nor 11 finer 
parcel of working Slaves than those on said 
Estate 

Lewis 5[okew 

I John Als'op of the City of New York, Mop- 
chant do hereby certifie that I have been on the 
within Estate and that tho my stay in it wn» 
but short yet from the Cniversal Opinion ii 
Concurriug Acct' of those well acquainted with 
it I do verily believe that the same answers the 
above description. 

* JoH>' Alsop 

I, Abraham Lott EJsqr. Treasurer of the ('ol- 
ouy of New York do hereby certify that I Unve 
been twice tliis year on the within mentionml 
Estate and having e.'tamined narrowly into tho 
<luaJity of the Land do not think that tho with- 
in Description is at all oxa^rated. The luxu- 
raant growth of the Com Flax Hemp Oata, ser- 
8cal kind* of GrasSv Cabbages aaii a gre»t 
variety of garden produce (particularly on tlip ■ 

■ — ^ .,, 4 

• Congrwi o( ITTt-ie. 



would let me know, I often after that applied 
and y' answer was tliat he was still out of town, 
this was the substance of the letter I wrote you 
and at the same time pressed an answer. I suji- 
pose the Letter must have miscarried for I be- 
lieve you could not have acted so much unbe- 
coming a gentleman ag not to have acknowl- 
edged tho receipt of it. M' Johnston and myself 
have been talking about getting you liberated, 
he writes you by this opportunity on the sub- 
ject and you may depend that I shall do every- 
thing in my Power to serve you, in that or any- 
thing else, notwithstanding the opinion you 
conceived of me, let me ask one question before 
I conclude would it not have been more can- 
did to have spake to me when you hear<l 
of the affair and by that means pot it in my 
power to have vindicated myself, now I have 
unbent my mind, and give me leave to say upon 
the word of a man of honor that I never did 
say anything to the predjudice of you or any one 
ot the family either vnth regard to tho Conti- 
nental money or anything in this Dispute 
From Your injured Friend & BrotJiw 
Lewis Mobkls 
To G W Esq' 

New Yokk 6"' Marcli 1784 

Tho Bearer M"" Gca Fisher has applied to me 
tot a Letter of introdttction to you suppoting 
it will facilitate the settlement of some Public 
/accounts he has to adjust with your OlBce 

I do not know nor do I believe that any ^prei- 
erencB is given on thege occasions, bot if great 
merit snd a verj distinguished attention to fche 
Interests of this Country will entitle him to any 



228 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



[NoTember, 



favors with you. Yoii may depend this man is 
deserving of every civility or favor you may bo 
l^leased to extend to liim 

I am with esteem 
Your Most Obed' 

and Most Humble Servant 
Lewis Morris 
Tlie llon^'" Robert Morris Esquire 
Philadelphia 
fav'' by 
M' Geo Fisher 



VI. — New .Jersey. 

1. — Richard Stocklon, 

B;)rn at. Princeton, New .Jersey, ou the first of October, 
1730. From the position of hie family and the fonnne he 
iuheriteci, he was treed from the early struggle to which 
many of his colleagues wore subjected ; and, having gradu- 
ated'with honor at Princeton, was admitted to the Bar, In 
1754, and, in 1774, became a .Judge of the .Supreme Court for 
the Province. In visiting England, he was received with 
high consideration, as a gentleman of talent and importance 
in~ihe Colony, and formed the acquaintance of persons of 
distinction in the English Ministry, among others, the 
Marquis of Rockingham, the more liberal predecessor as 
Premier of Lord North, with whom he freely corresponded ; 
but these associations did not control his conduct or influ- 
ence his patriotism. He was an influential member of the 
Continental Congress, and a Commissioner to the North- 
ern Army. He »as a special object of hostility to the 
Royalists ; and was confined in the jail, at Amhoy, and in the 
Provost Prison told Hall of Recordsi New York, and died 
at Morven, his seat near Princeton, on the twenty-eighth of 
February, nx\. at the age of fifty-one, from the effects of 
their cruel treatment. 

Recei'i Nov 2' 17G3 of Stephen Truesdell 42£ 
provin in full of one years interest on the within 
Rond 

Rich" Stockton. 

An E.xpedient 
for tlie Settlement of the 
American Disputes 
Inimbly submitted to the consideration 
of his Majesty's Jliuisters 
by 
an American 
The State of American Affairs is so truly alarm- 
ing at this time, that every real friend to the 
British Empire ought to suggest every probable 
expedient that occurs to him for the accommo- 
dation of the unhapjiy disputes between Great 

Britain and the Colonies. to give the follow 

ing suggestions their due weiglit ; it must be 

pi'emised 

1" That the several North American Colonies, 
from New Hampshire to South Carolina in- 
clusive, are able to furnish .500,000 fighting 
men ; who are in general as fit tor service as 
the English Militia, and many of them much 
niore so, having been in actual service the last 
war. 
"•■'> That the great body of the people in 
these several Colonies are now (even to the 



astonishment of many Colonists the mselves 
perfectly united in a determinate opposition) 
to the authority ot the British Parliament, as 
to all internal 'Taxation. 

3""' That there is not the least remaining 
doubt, if the British Government should pro- 
ceed to put the late Acts of Parliament re- 
specting the Massachusetts Bay (or any 
other Acts which involve the Idea of an abso- 
uncontroulable power in the British Parlia- 
ment over the Colonies) into execution, by 
force ; but that the ass'' Colonies would unite 

in attempting to repel force by force. 

To which maj- 
be added, what is as well or perhaps better 
known in Great Britain than in America, to 
wit. 

4"''' That the certain consequences of this 
unnatural War will be dreadful to both Great 
Britain and America : and the prohalde ef- 
fects thereof may be fatal to the whole Brit- 
ish Empire. 

blatters standing tlius; and the three first 
propositions above premised being founded 
upon the most indubitable fiicts (ofwliich 
the writer of this, from his general acquaint- 
ance with America, is perhaps as competent 
a judge as any man wliatever. It is humbly 
proposed to the Consideration of his Majes- 
ty's Ministers, whether it would not be proper 

1" That a royal Instruction be immediately 
obtained, and sent over to the several Gover- 
nors of the North American Colonies, requir- 
ing them forthwith to recommend it to their 
several Assemblies to pass, and to give their 
own assent to an Act which may l)c passed 
by the Legislatures of the several Provinces, 
empowering certain Commissioners therein 
to be named, to repair to England ; with 
power to confer with his Majesty's Ministere 
or with Commissioners to be appointed by 
Act of Parliament, respecting the grand 
points in dispute between Great Britain and 
America ; and finally to determine thereupon. 

2'">" That to prevent all disputes in future the 
s' American Commissioners be also impow-- 
ered to confer and agree with the British 
Commissioners respecting the future govern- 
ment and regulation of the Colonies ; either 
by framing One general System of Govern- 
ment fer all the Colonies on tlie Continent, 
similar to the British, Or by making some 
material alterations in the present mode of 
provincial Government. In either of which 
systems, some cft'ectnal provision may be 
made for the adequate support of the Amer- 
ican Government by the Americans them- 
selves : And also for the payment of all such 
sums of money as may become due from 
America to Great Britain for the assietance 



1868.] 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE, 



229 



of lier Fleet and Army. These determina- 
tions of the s'' Commissioners to be subjected 
nevertheless to such alterntion as the wisdom 
of his Majesty and his Parliament of Great 
Britain may malte therein ; and as sliall be 
agreed to by the several provincial Legisla- 
tures. 
3'ii.v That upon such Instructions being given 
to tlie several Governors, Ids Majesty lie ad- 
vised in his royal clemency to rcconuncnd it 
to his Parliament to suspend the operation of 
the Boston Port Act until tlie determination 
of tlie s' Commissioners shall be had. 

The Author of the aljove hints otters 
them with all humility, and with great dilK- 
dence of his own aljilities, on so great and 
national a question. But some expedient 
must be immediately fallen upon, or we sliall 
be involved in a civil war the most obstinate 
awful and tremendous that perhaps ever oc- 
curred since the Creation of the world. 

lie will esteem it a signal blessing of 
divine providence, conferred upon him, if 
au}' one Idea he liath suggested may 1)e of 
any use at this dreadful Crisis: And if other- 
wise, he will at least be able to comfort him- 
self with the uprightness of his intentions in 
this feeble attempt ; and with the assurance 
that it can do no harm either to himself, or 
anv other person. 

Decern' 13"' 1774. 
Endorsed " flints transmitted to Lord Dart- 
mouth Secretary of State for America thro' 
the hands of Sam' Snnth Esq' of London 
March'." 

I hereby certify that the foregoing manuscript 
entitled "An expedient for the settlement of 
" the American Disputes humbly submitted to 
" the consideration of his Majestys Ministers by 
" an American " is in the handwriting of my 
grandfather the Hon Kichard Stockton, one of 
the Signers of the Declaration of Independ- 
ence, and was found amongst his papers, and 
that the accompanying receipt dated Novem- 
s handwriting and 



lis 



ber 2'' 1702 is also in 
signed by him. 

Signed. 
Dated Pi!1ncetox N" J, 
1809. 



". — Francis HopTcinson, 

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 173", of an influ- 
ential and wealthy family, his mother a niece of the 
then Bishop of Worcester. He read law and entered the 
practice nnder the favoring smiles of the Colonial Conrt 
and aristocracy. He entered Congress in 1776; and served 
for a number of years. He was also an Admiralty .Judge 
and a man of letters and esprit. He made his mark on 
the period in which he lived, and died too young for his 
greater reputation, In May, 1791, aged fifty-three years. 



To the Honourable tlic Council of Safety 
for the State of Pennsylvania. 
The Memorial ot Francis Hopkinsou, 
Humbly sheweth, 

That it is with great Reluctance 
your Memorialist is induced to trouble your 
Hon'ble Board, with a Complaint of a private 
nature; but as, in the present State of Aflairs, 
it is impossible for liim to obtain justice in the 
usual Line of the Law, he is under the necessi- 
ty of applying to the present Guardians of the 
People for tliat Redress, which tliey have al- 
ways shewn to the aggrieved. 

Your Honours will be pleased to re- 
collect that your Memorialist has been very 
active and industrious in detecting the traud.s 
of a certain Gcoi'ge Crows, & in recovering 
large sums of money whicli he had by subtle- 
ty and Deceit, obtained from your memorialist 
& from several other Persons : Your Memo- 
rialist represents that, in the bieginning of 
these discoveries, he had it repeatedly in his 
power to have repaid himself the sum of which 
he had been defrauded, but out of a Principle 
of honour, deposited all the Monies which 
passed through his hands, with some of the 
members of your Hon'ble Board, until adver- 
tisements should go forth, calling upon all 
who had sutt'er' by the Fraud, to come in and 
make their respective claims. That, amongst 
the several sums so recovered, there is a Bun- 
dle of Continental Currency in sheets amount- 
ing to about £240, with such marks as your me- 
morialist thinks will most clearly ascertain it to 
be Ids property: that none other of the Credi- 
tors of the said George Crows, paid him their 
money in sheets, Ijnt in cut Paper Currency, 
whereby your Memorialist is of opinion that 
he can so fully prove the Identity of such Part 
of his Property as is contained in said sheets, 
tliat in .Justice he ought not to throw it into 
the general mass for the Benefit of otliers. 
Your memorialist fully possessed of tlie jus- 
tice of his claim has ottered to submit this 
matter, to the Determination of any three im- 
partial men & to lie bound hy their Decision : 
but is sorry to say, the other Creditors so tar 
from acceding to this equitable & unexception- 
able Proposal have ordered the Treasurer to 
throw all the money into Hotch Pot & make 
proportional Dividend, without paying any re- 
gard to the just Claim of your memorialist: & 
iiave offered to give him a writing of Indemnifi- 
cation for so doing. 

The manifest Injustice of such a 
Procedure liath thrown your memorialist on 
the Protection of your Ilon'ble Board, liumbly 
requesting the Interposition of your authority 
to prevent & forbid the Treasurer ot the said 
Creditors (Mr. Jacob Shoemaker) from making 



230 



HISTORICAL MAGAZIKE 



[Xovember, 



the Distribution oftlie monies in his Hands, 
until the Cluini of your memorialist shall be 
Heard & a Determination thereiqion oljtaiued 
b'oni three impartial Persons, or from your 
lion'ble Board, whichever sliall appear most 
convenient and proper. 

Your memorialist humbly submits 
tlie Premises to your consideration, not donbt- 
ing', Ijut that you will do therein as Justice 
iind Honour shall direct. 

Philadelphia, ) Fka"s IIopkixson. 

5''' of Oct'-, 1T70. ( 

The Complainant will attend the 
Council on Monday Morning, or at such other 
Time as tliey shall please to direct, in order to 
receive their Determination. 

To the Hon'ble 

The Council of Safety, 
a Memorial. 
Endorsed " of Fii.vncis Hopkisson", 
•• to be determined npon, 
■•on Monday, T'" Oct', 17T0." 

To Cle.ment Biddi>e Esi]', Marshall of 

the Admiralty. 
Nathaniel Brittenham, liaving a 
Cargoe of slaves on Board tlie schooner Friar's 
Bay Packet in your Custody, you are hereby 
directed to deliver the said Cargo to the said 
Nathaniel Brittenham, upon his paying yon 
(Uistomary Freight for the said Cargoe, which 
Freight you are to bring and deposit in my 
hands for the use of the owner of the said 
Schooner. 

Fn.\"s HopKiNSON. 
Nov', .j^'', 1787. 

Also otficial document signed as Judge of Ad- 
miralty, dated June 17'''," 1786. 



••'. — John Witherspooti, 

Was bom at Tester, Scotland, on the fifth of Febrnary, 
1722; a descendant of John Knox. He gradnated at the 
University of Edinburgh, in 1742. Was a learned preacher, 
and soon a popalar one. After repeated solicitations, in 
which Stockton, when in Knrope, joined, he consented to 
accept (he Presidency of Nassau Uall. at Princeton, and 
was installed on the seventeenth of Angnst, 17«8. Deeply 
interested in the exciting political struggle, he soon laid 
aside his professional duties and studies, to participate, 
nntil Independence was secured in 1T83, when he returned 
to the classic shades of his Tnsculum and to his ministry, 
which he continued until the time of hie decease, although 
lor two years totally blind. He died on the fifteenth of 
November, 1794, in his seventy-third year. His daughter 
Frances, married Doctor David hamsay, the historian of 
South Carolina, who was her biographer. 

Trscrix-M, August 16''' 1785. 
\y Sir 

I ought to have written to you when D'^ 
llamsey's servant went over for the chair, it I 
would have done it but the D'^ and my son Da- 
vid being abroad when I called sent him after- 



wards of themselves. D' Gordon delivered 

your message. Viz that if I liked it I might 

have it «.t it should not be a small matter that 

would part us. I therefore leave it wholly to 

yourself what abatement you will make of the 

70 Dollars and I will send you the money very 

soon. You know it is for a young man who 

has his future all to make, but I was desirous 

i to have it for him before the hot weather is 

' over. Please to write me in Return so that I 

I may liave the money remitted. I shall be glad 

I to know when you expect to go home. I have 

given you the tronbli- of the enclosed to save 

postage. 

I a in D' Sir 

Your most ileV & humble servant 

JXO WlTIIERSPOON. 

S.vjiueIj Hoi.tkx Escjr 

Addressed " Hon'''' D" lIoLTEX 
■■ In Congress 
Free New York."' 

\_Endormd\ 
'•A letter liom the Rev'- D' Wl■nIE]{sroo^' 
. -IG"' Alt' 1785 " 



.J. — Juhn Hart, 

Born, when or where, no man now appears to know, and 
whose handwriting many have sought aud few have found, 
in other form than on a Colonial note : a thrifty farmer, 
seated at Hopewell, where apparently other Harts resided, 
and one other John Hart whot^e signntnre has been taken 
by some for his ; writing without reference to grammatical 
rule, as seen by his letter in Doctor Sprague's collection, and 
which Sedgwick copies in hisiijV of Governor Livingston., 
with slight (if not slightened)' allusion to him and to his 
colleagues, was nevertheless the man for the emergency; 
and wnen the delegation from New .Tersey required an in- 
fusion of new vigor, with Clark, Witherspoon, Stockton, 
and Hopkinson, stepped fonvard aud filled the place, sign- 
ed the Declaration, and sustained it as firmly and consist- 
ently as did more scholarly men. He died in 1780, at the 
darkest period of the War, failing to see the glorious ter- 
mination ; and his memory is now commemorated by a 
monument, at Hopewell, erected by his neighbors. 

The Province of New York 

To John Hart I)' .t 

To my expenses :i. 5. 

To Vi dius service Including 

friday the 7''' of July to wednsdav 

the 19'^ at 10s "i!. 10. 



Received in part from his 
Excellency the Governor 



'.). 15. 
0. 00. 
Z. 15. 



New York the 19"' July 1758 
\Endorseil\ 
John Harts 

acct agst 
the Province of 

New York. 
Read the 0"' Dec 1758 it the Council 



18G8. 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE 



231 



thought the £6 paid to liim suft"". 

Also small autograph receipt signed, dated 
1" May 174(5, and Provincial note of'New Jersey 
for Six Shillin"'?, sii^ncd. 



J. — AhrahiiM Cliirl', 

Born at Elizabethtown, New lersey, ou the fifteenth of 
February. 17'/6. Too feeble for labor, he turned his attention 
to sarveyin^ aud to the study of the law. Popahxr with the 
people, he early enjoyed their conlidence, and was selected 
as an object for the patronage of the Crown and the popn- 
!ar government, holding among other positions (hat of 
High Sheriff. From the time of his election to Congress, in 
tT7*i, to that of his death, from coup de solid, in June, 1194, 
he continued in the public service and incurred the hosility 
■of the legal profession by fostering legisliUion which re- 
duced tlieir perquisites. He suffered largely in the cause 
of his country, two of bis sons being confined in the Jer- 
sey prison-ship, and his family driven from their home. 
.\notherson. Doctor Abraham Clark, died at Kinderhook, 
New York, leaving an only daughter, the widow of the 
Hon. John P. Beekman, of that place, now living in this 
(ity. A monument was erected to his memory, by the de- 
scendants of his neighbors. Such letters as he has left 
behind him are generally of interest. 

Eliza. Towx .Tunc S. 1775. 
Sin, 

You have now sent you Qr. ('asks & 2 half 
llarr'^ of Powder — The Quarter (.'asks I got at 
New Brunswick & the 2 half Barr. containing 
10) lb I got at Woodbridgc — for each of which 
I gave rec" that I rcc' them to lie forwarded to 
the Provincial Camp near Boston agreeable to 
•ti requisition from them. Tliere was no more 
to be obtained ; they had sold the most of their 
■stores to the Inliabitants. You'I be so kind as 
'to send a ree' of tlie same Tenor of those 1 gave 
ithat I may show them the stores are forwarded 
;;igreeable to my promises. 
I am Sir 

Your Hum" Serv'. 

Abr.v. (^'l,\rk. 

Eliza. Town, .July 2.'), 1779. 

llx DEAR FrIEKU 

(!^ur Success in t.aking Stoney point Fort 
you have heard. We were not ecjually success- 
ful at the Fort on the other side the Kiver, 
which was relieved by Gen' Clinton with the 
British Army last Sunday Evening ; The one 
we took was dismantled & left by our Troops : 
and Kivington in his paper tells us they retook 
4 Eighteen brass pounders which our people 
was attempting to remove up the River, but 
this I have not heard from our accounts tho' it 
may be true. 

We had a pretty certain account of a battle 
at (Jharlcs Town on the 21"' of June which 
•ended in our favour, but from the best Accounts 
I can obtain it was a kind of Naval engage- 
ment, or an Attack upon their Gallics, by Land 
or Water when it is said two of them fell into 
-our hands by which means their supplies of 
'Stores are cut of. After all I fear no great af- 



fair hath happened in our favour, and I cannot 
but fear for that Country, but yet entertain a 
hope. 

The burning of Fairfield ct Norwalk & plun- 
dering New Haven you no doubt have had a 
full account of From Staten Island they tell 
us the British intended to have Visited this 
Town in like manner but was prevented by be- 
ing called up the River upon our taking their 
Fort. Thus by the Good providence of God 
we have hitherto escaped. Wo hope and we 
fear. 

Tho taking tlie Fort, greatly dispirited the 
Enemy at New York but their spirits had a re- 
vival a few days ago by the arrival of Lord 
Cornwallis who brings them an account of a 
Large reinforcem' wending over, either 4 or .') 
Thousand here & 2 thousand to Georgia which 
was to sail in ten days after he left England. If 
these should come I believe you must cjuityour 
Indian Chase l\;. return to meet them, at least I 
liope you may. No ace' of Arbuthnot. 

I have not heard from Mr. Dayton or your 
family but shall likely this day, until which I 
shall kee[i o]icn tliis Letter to atUl to it if neces- 
sary. 

Our Guards are very weak. Several C'ounties 
have not sent in their t^uota of Men, and some 
none at all ; we live in Jeopardy continually. 
I am, ]My Dear friend 

Yours most Sincerely 

Abra: Clark. 

Col" Dayton. 

July 28, 1779. 

P. S. I lind it easier to write than get Let- 
ters forwarded in which I liave been prevented 
till now. 

The affair of the engagein' at Charles Town 
tnnis out to have been an Attack upon the En- 
emies Lines of no great Conse(|uence in its ef- 
fects. (Inly :!0 killed & 116 ! wounded on our 
side, and a retreat from the attack. 

Gen' Clinton hath returned from the North 
River intirely leaving all his posts above his 
Forts & works near Kings bridge, as reports 
from New York inform us, and hath gone to 
Visit New London & Towns adjacent. We 
expect with good reason a Visit from the Ene- 
my to this 'fown, for which we are very ill 
prepared. A. C. 

VII. — Pennsylvania. 
To the /loiiomlle the Council of Safety for the 
Suite of Pennsylvania. 
The petition of Ilugli Craig humbly sheweth 
that your petitioner is desirous of acting in the 
capacity of Paymaster to some one of the regi- 
ments which may be vacant. He can ])rocure 
necessary security & should he be thought 



233 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE 



[November^ . 



wortliy of the appointment will endeavour to 
give satisfaction bj- a steady adherance to his 
duty in the discharge of that otfice. Your pe- 
titioner as in duty bound will pray, iVrc 

Hudii Crakj. 
I have had the pleasure of knowing M' Craig 
for some years and believe him to lie a gentle- 
mnn of capacity it integrity, and properly (jual- 
itied for the office he solicits. 

Bexj Rrsii 

.lOIIX CUEVALIKK 

Isaac Sxowd'cx 
Gerard' Clarksok 
Geo Clv.mee 
[Eitdoised] 

The petition of 

Hugh Craig fur 

Paymaster. 



1. — Robert Morris, 

Bora in Lancashire, Enfrland, in -lanuary, 1733, his fath- 
er, also a merchant of Philadelphia, ijave him the advan- 
tage of a liberal education. Entermg into mercantile 
business, he was for years the greatest and boldest opera- 
tor in the country, in goods, stoci;s, and laud. It was to his 
tiuancial sliiU and exp'edients. as tinancial agent and withal 
Secretary of the Treasury, linking his own wealth, credit, 
and destiny to that of the country, that the sucoes.s of the 
Revolution was largely due; and when the Cabinet of Wash- 
ington was f oiTned, he was the tirst choice for Secretary of 
the Treasury, but declined, when General Uamilton was 
selected. As a Member of the Continental Congress, he was 
especially useful in Committee work. He was also an influ- 
ential member of the Convention that adopted the Federal 
Constitution; and, on its adoption, served one year as Sena- 
tor in Congress, declining re-election. Late in life, he was 
overwhelmed with pecuniary embarrassments, growing out 
of immense i>nrchases of wild lands, in anticipation of that 
great emigration wiiich he foresaw: harassed with suits, 
and for a time the inmate of a jail. His letters are numer- 
ous, generally on the subject of his embarrassments, and 
many of them in an unfortunate controversy with Carter 
Braxton, a brother signer. He commenced a magnificent 
residence in Philadelphia, which stood unfinished for many 
years, and was finally demolished. His wife was the sister 
of the celebrated Bishop White. He died on the eighth of 
May, 180G, in the seventy-third year of his age. 

PiiCHMOXD .June the 10''' 1T8G 
Sir. 

I beg leave to call your attention to ray let- 
ter of the 21"' of May, and to observe that 
Twenty Days have elapsed since that letter was 
written. Permit me to mention at the same 
time that M'' Braxton's Paper, was not received 
by mo untill the 9''' of May, so that my Reply 
was compleated in Twelve Days. Do me the 
favor, I intreat you, .Sir, to state to your Breth- 
ren my situation. Forced from home, my Fam- 
ily divided, my young Children entrusted to 
Domestics, my Business suffering much, my 
Conduct liable to imputations most injurious, 
every sentiment of Justice in my bosom wound- 
ed loy the reflection that the claims upon me 
remain unsatisfied, which my presence at Phil- 
adelphia can alone put it in my power to dis- 



charge. I will not contrast this with the posi- 
tion of my Opponent, I will not remark to you 
that he ought to have brought his accounts to 
Philadelphia for settlement. I will bury many 
reflections on this occasion which arise from 
the nature of our Connection, the confidence 
I reposed in him & the services I have rendered. 
But, Sir. I must ask, is it right for mo to Ixf 
detained as I am from Day to Day, from AVcek 
to Week, from Month to Month ; Ought there 
not to be some Period to that state of suspense- 
in which I am held? Ought not Mr. Braxton 
long since to have laid before you all his Vouch- 
ers tt Arguments ( I will not trespass longer 
on your time it patience. I will merely repeat 
the prayer of my letter above referred to, that 
some sliort day may be fixed by which Mr., 
Braxton shall close what he has to say on th.is- 
Business. 

I am 
Sir 

Your most Obedient 

it humble Servant 
robt jiorris. 
Alexa>'deu Montgomery Esij'. 

Phil ADA .June 9"' 1704 
Dear Sir 

The multiiilicity of my engagements did not 
liinder me from considering in conjunction- 
with Mr. Grcanleaf the contents of your letter 
of the 20"' of last month, altho' those engage- 
ments occupied me too much to admit of an 
earlier reply. 

Wc viewed and considered the proposition 
you were pleased to make, sevci-al times, and 
finally came to the conclusion, that a due regard 
to our own interests would not admit of our 
ac(|uiescence. The price or value being fixed 
so higli in our e^'-timation as not to admit of 
that reward for the use of our resources, which 
many other objects now offer. I return there- 
fore all the Papers herewith it also a copy of 
the Great Kanahwa it other surveys. I am 
sorry that we cannot be the purchasers, the- 
price so far exceeding our expectations puts it 
out of our power to make an offer. I must 
however in justice observe that your prices are 
such as may probably be obtained by selling 
the property in detail, but even in that way 
there would be no chance of our obtaining the 
compensation which a variet\" ot other pui-suits 
offer to us. 

With the most perfect Esteem it respect 
I am D' Sir 

Your obed' h"lile serv' 

RoiiT JIORRIS 

His Ex'ey 

Geo. Wasiitxgtox Es^r 



1888.1 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



233 



Feby G'S 1709 

JXO. XlCHOLSOS ES(1'. 

De.vi! Sru 

Your four letters of vesterLlny Xo 1 to 4 
are with me; I suppose we shall bo obliged 
finally to leave Mess" Beekley & Jloore to ])ur- 
.sue their own course. I wrote to Mr. Jlarshall 
or Jlr. Call or Mr Harrison I forgot which ab' 
the 7 years delay but never liave received an 
answer on that point. By your No. 2. I see 
you have no faith in my clause on an intended 
assignment, I shall think more on that suliject. 
and if that will not do we must hit upon one 
that will. Mr. Fox has written me a note that 
he iloes not set out until! to-morrow morning 
but I do not know of any thing you or I can 
do respecting his journey. I have made my 
push for Prison bounds but if not obtained, I 
will ijuit all and begin again being now deter- 
mined not to spend my Life here for the sake of 
any property whatevei-. 

I am yours Ac 

Rout Momus. 
[Aihlress] 

'' John Nicholson Esq' " 
[Endorsed] 

'■ Letter from 

"RoBEr.T Monnis E>c| 

"Feb>- 6"' 1700" 

.?. — Benjamin Hits?/, 

Boru at Berberry, Pennsylvauia, on the tweuty-fourth of 
December, 1743. He gr.aduated, at Princeton, at au early 
a^e ; and, after studying medicine with Doctor Redman, in 
Philadelphia, visited Europe, walkint; the Hospitals, at- 
teudinj^ lectures, and takiu? his decree of Doctor of ftted- 
iciue, at Edinburgh. He soon attained an extensive prac- 
tice and a wide reputation. He declined to serve in the 
Congress of i;!.^; but in 1776, readily took the place created 
by a member who declined to sign the Declaration ; and. 
although not a member when itpassed. sisned it on the 
second of August. He was appointed, in 1777. Physician- 
general to the Hospital of the Middle Department, and 
served with great usefulness. He was a member of the 
Convention which adopted the Coustiinliou of Pennsvlva- 
niaiu place of the Charter of William Peun. and was Cash- 
ier of the Mint, in 17SS. During the raging of the vellow- 
fever, in Philadelphia, in 1793, Doctor Rush remained at his 
post and battled with the fearful scourge, saying to those 
who counselled him to regard his personal safetv, "I will 
" remain if I remain alive." After a useful life, he died on 
the nineteenth of April, 1S13, leaving a reputation in his I 
profession only equalled by that as a patriot and philan- I 
thropist. 1 

De.vk Sir 

The sailors in the barracks Complain of the j 
want of Suital)le accommodations for an hospi- 
tal. A few of them in the Province Island Hospi- 
tal (who are on the recovery) beg for lil.)erty to 
be removed to the barracks. I hope the Com- 
mittee of safety will attend immediately to 
these matters. 

I am sorry to find that our recruits suffer so 
much from the want of blankets. Suppose the 
Committee of Safety should request by an ad- 



vertisement every family in the City to furnish 
one, or more from their beds according as they 
could spare them. I h.ave mentioned the subject 
to above a dozen families in the City who liavo 
all expressed a drsire to concur in it if they arc 
properly called upon therein 

I remain D' Sir 

vours sinceilv 
B Risk 
Tuesday Jlorning 

De.ve Sir 

Agreeable to your request I have made out 
our aec' but have left the sum to be allowed 
for our services to the generosity of the Com- 
mittee of Safety. I beg leave only to inform you 
that the Surgeons in our Provincial Batallion 
are allowed 28 dollars and their mates 18 dol- 
lars meA per month. The Continental Surgeons 
are allowed nearly and their mates exactly the 
same each. 

vdurs 6c c 
B. Rush. 
Tuesday. 

M' Owen Biddi.e, 
[3!}mo Endorsed] 
"Men for ships 
'"Magazine Boats"' 

PHrL.\DELPi!i.\ ^Lirch 0, 180G. 
Dear Sir. 

Dr. Physick being much indisposed, and un- 
able to commit his thoughts to ))apcr, has re- 
quested me to transmit to you our opinion of 
Mr. Carter case, being the result of a consultation 
held upon it this forenoon in the Doctor's sick 
room. 

We do not desi)air of M'. Carters case, but we 
unite in advising him by all means to come im- 
mediately to Phihuleli)hia. He will suffer least 
bj- coming I)V water, no sum of mone.v would 
induce Dr. Phvsick to visit him in Baltimore. 
He has lately refused a very flattering iiremiuin 
for a visit to a i)erson in that city. 

Vi'e both think he should bw inderdicted all 
venereal pleasures. Some of the worst cases I 
have known of urinary diseases have arisen from 
an excessive indulgence in them. 

From tlie great success which Dr. Physick has 
had in the treattnent of diseases of the urethra, 
neck of the bladder, — and the bladder itself. I>y 
remedies and operations, severa' of which are of 
bis own discovery. I feel great confidence in ad- 
vising 51' Carter (in my separate caj)acity) to 
comply with our united advice. 

Until an explanation has been made we are 
afraid to risk an opinion of the exact 

Seat or cause 
of 31' C's disease — but let it be what it may. — 
please to inform him (with my respectful compli- 
ments) that every thing that skill and attention 



234 



HISTORICAL :M A G A Z I N E , 



[November, 



cau do ou the part of Dr Physick, aud attention 
on my part, shall be done for his relief. 
From Dear Sir your 
sincere and affectionate friend 
Ben.jm Rusn 

D^ POTTEH 

lAd'h-csssd] 

Db Natiij- Pottek 
Physician 
Baltimoue 
lEiidoi-sed] 

Doct Beuj Rush 

to 
1> Xath' Potter 
Phil' mar. «. 1806. 



■ / . — Benjamin Fra n hlin , 

Bom in Boston, Massachusetts, on the seventeenth of 
.January. 1706. His father, Joeiah Franldin. arriving in 
this country from England in 16S2. engaged in business as a 
tallow chandler. Placed at an early age in the printing-of- 
ilce of his brother, where he continued until the age of sev- 
enteen, acquiring a knowledge of his profession which was 
his pride in after life. He spent some time in England, 
where the press he worked upon was found and brought to 
this country, a few years since. Settling in Philadelphia, to 
which place he had "tramped'' from the City of ;New 
York, where he failed to obtain employment, he early took 
11 part in Colonial politics. He was Deputy Postmaster- 
general to the Crown ; also taking an active interest in the 
military affairs of the Colony; editor of a newspaper; 
printer of Colonial money, of almanacs and many books 
which are highly esteemed. Some of his experiments in 
electricity are said to have been made from the tower of 
the Middle Butch Church, in Nassau-street. His career in 
Congress and as Ambassador, and his achievements in sci- 
ence, need no recapitulation. Turgot, the French Minister 
of Finance, wrote his epitaph in one line, ^^ Eripult c&lo 
" fitUtun, sceptrumi^ue tyrannie.'^ Through the marriage 
of his daughter, a gifted and beautiful woman, with Ricn- 
ard Bache, he became the ancestor of many distinguished 
<leHcendants, who from their success in public life, have 
been known as the Saxe Coburg family : his son, William 
Franklin, Governor of New Jersey, returned to England 
as a refugee ; but his grandson, William Temple Franklin, 
retained his afEection. He died at Pbiladelpbia, on the sev- 
euteenth of April, 1790, aged eighty-four years, and lies in 
Christ Church-yard, under an epitaph of 'his own compo- 
sition. 

Passy .June 2 1 Ti.S 
Dear Sik 

I should have sent the Treaty sooner, but 
that I imagined it would have been printed by 
the Court. As that lias not been done I have 
had a Copy made out in !Manusciipt wliicli you 
will receive with this. It is for the Grand 
Pensionary. But you will take the advice of 
JI le D de la V, as to the propriety of deliver- 
ing: it at present &c 

Your Care and Attention in procuring and 
Communicating Intelligence to us is very 
figrceable 

I am ever with great Esteem 
your most obedient 
humble scrv' 

B Franklin 

M DVMAS 



Passy May 17 1781. 
Deau Sir 

Inclosed is the Order you desire for another 
Hundred Louis. Take my Blessing with it 
and my Prayer that God may send you safe 
& well home with your Cargoes. I would not 
attempt persuading you to (juit the military 
Line because I think you have the i)ualities of 
Mind and Body tliat promise your doing 
great Service k, accjuiring Honor in that Line 
otherwise I should be happy to see you again 
here as my Successor having Sometime since 
written to Congress rei|Uesting to be relieved, 
and believing as I firmly do, that they could 
not put their Aft'airs in better Hands, I shall 
ever be Most Atf'ectionately yours 

B FliANKI.IX 

Hon'''" Col John Laurens 
Hotel d" Angleterre 
a Paris 
The Post comes in to morrow Jlorning from 
Holland. If you have any information of 
(further) expense likely to (occur please) to 
communicate it. 
'iKniJiirscLl] 

T)' Franklin to .1 L 
Passy May 17, 1781 
with an order for an hundred Louis 



-}. — Georrje Clymer, 

Bom in Philadelphia, in 1739 ; a merchant in early life and 
up to 1782. In 1T74, he commanded a volunteer Corps in 
General Cadwalader's • Brigade. He was one of the Con- 
tinental Treasurers : and, in 1776, elected to the Continental 
Congress of which he was an active and efficient member, 
acting on the Committee to visit Ticonderoga, Valley Forge, 
and the Southern States. He was one of the founders of a 
Bank, in Philadelphia, with Robert Morris, as one of Its Di- 
rectors. As a member of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, 
he was very active in introducing and fostering her present 
Penitentiary system. He was also a member of the Con- 
vention that adopted the Federal Constitution ; Supervisor 
I of the Revenue of Pennsylvania — which office he held under 
1 great excitement, growing out of obnoxious taxes, and at 
I one time breaking out in the Whisky Rebellion-and, in 1 796, 
was a Commissioner to negotiate a Treaty with the Indians- 
of Georgia. He married Miss Meredith, the daughter of 
his partner, and was the grandfather of Doctor Meredith 
Clymer, of New York City. He died on the twenty-third 
of .lanuarv. 1813. The letters of Clymer, although not 
very difficult to procure, are rarely found on other than 
business subjects. 

Sir, 

You will be pleased to receive the enclosed 
draught of the Bank of Pennsylvania, on its 
branch at Lancaster for 101.5 $ in payment of 
the instalment of 1000 .| with its interest, of 
the bond, given by Samuel Meredith aud my- 
self, for the use of the State, the instalment 
being due the 13"' instant. 

I am Sir, very respectfully 
your obe'" Ser" 

t Geo Clymer 

• Celebrated lor his controversy with General Jos«ph Keed. 
t This specimen to be improved. 



868. 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE 



235 



Philadelphia Aug' 26, 1807 
Ml'. FiNBLAY — State Treasurer. 
[A'hlrcssed] 

■' ^yILLIAM FiNDLAY Esquire 

" Treasurer of Pennsylvania 

'• Lancaster "' 



J. — John Morton, 

Born in Ridley, Penn, in 1724, was of Swedish descent' 
iutelligent, and well educated. In 1764, he appeared in pub- 
lic life as a Jnetice of the Peace and as a Surveyor laying 
lOUE the property lines and settling the disputes of his neigh- 
iiors : he was also, at this period, a member of the General 
Assembly of Pennsylvania and Spealier of the House. 
He HI19 a Delegate, in 1765, to the Stamp Act Congress; 
Hi :jh-sheriff, in n6ti; and, sulisequently, Presiding .Indge of 
tlie Common Pleas; and a .ludge of the Supreme Court of 
I he Province. In 1774-1776, he was a member of the Con- 
(■.iieutal Congress. When the question of the adoption of 
the Declaration of Independence was to be passed, on the 
Delegation from Pennsylvania being divided, Mr. Morton's 
\ote turned the balance. After an active and useful life, 
he died in April, 1777, in his fifty-fourth year. His letters 
are almost unknown ; and the examples in most of the col- 
lections are similar surveys to that following; but more 
commonly his signature to Continental notes. 

{Plot of Sitri-i'i/\ 




Okane Helms marsh 
Contaiiiiu" 19 acres & A 



3: ;* 



River Delaware 



lil and^ Perches. 
Sui-i-eyed for Ohane Helms. 
A Certain piece of Marsh lying and being in 
the township of Greenwich in Gloucester Coun- 
ty Beginning at Delaware River iu the line of 
Andrew Helms meadow thence South 3 deg 
West GO perches to A post standing in the drain 
thence North 83 J East G perclies to a branch of 
Cral) Creek, thence down the s'' branch Travers- 
ing the Courses thereof to Crab Creek, thence 



do'wu that to the River Delaware the (n) down 
Delaware to the place of beginning CIJ? Perches 
Containing 19 Acres and i be the same more or 
less in the bounds Afores'' Survey"'' Mav v*^^ 15"' 
1750 

p. me. 

.JOHX MOKTOX. 

(-\lso Continental Note of 3'' April 1772 signed) 



'.;. — James SmitTi, 

Born in Ireland, in 1720, leven then the mother of law- 
maliers) in 1730 emigrated with his parents to this conn- 
try, and received the advantage of a sound education, 
which, with bis natural abilities, qualified him for positions 
of control. Having acquired the legal professson, he 
pushed out into the^Vestern wilderness of Pennsylvania, 
and finally settled at Yorktown, in Pennsylvania, where 
Congress afterward sat. He raised and drilled the first 
company of military associates in the State, who after- 
wards numbered twenty thousand, and was elected Colonel. 
He was an active patriot and President of the County Com- 
mittee ot Safety, a Member of the State Convention of 
1770, and a Member of the Continental Congress, He sub- 
sequently resumed his practice, occasionally holding public 
office. Although he died on the eleventh day of .luly, 1S06, 
at the age of ninety, and belonged to a profession given to 
making quill tracks, let him who seeks them be warned 
that they are now hard to find. 

yoRKTowN Decem"" 23 1775 
Gentlemen 

By the last nights post we received the pub- 
lick papers Acquainting us of the Resolve of 
the Congress touching the Raising of four 
Batallions in this Province and desiring the 
Committee of Safety to appoint the Company 
Olficei's and Recommend the field Othcers of 
those Batallions to the Hon""'" Continental Con- 
gress. 

The time limited for the Appointment it 
Recommendation being ti.\ed to the Second of 
January it will be impracticable for the Members 
of your Committee in this County to attend; in 
this Situation of aftaii's the Committee of Cor- 
respondence for York County hope your Board 
will not think it improper to trouble you on 
that subject, well knowing that the great Cause 
of American Liberty is our Primary Object, &. 
that anything that may tend to fonvard that 
Glorious Cause through whatever Channel will 
not be unacceptable. I am directed liy the 
Committee of Correspondence lor this County 
to write to the Committee of Safety & in the 
Strongest Terms to request that the ]3oard may 
please to recommend Tho' Hartley Esq' to be 
Lieutenant Colonel of one of the Batallions to 
be raised iu this Province it in case that recom- 
mendation should take place that the Board 
would please to appoint David Grier Esqr to be 
Cap' John M'Dowel Lieu' it W'" Nicols En- 
sign, of one Comp>' Moses M'Clean Cap' Lewis 
Bush Lieu' it Robert Hopes Ensign of another 
Company in the same Batallion with M' Hart- 



236 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



I November, 



ley, & if a third Company should be raised in 
York County to Please to appoint Bernard 
Eichelberger Cap' or Lieu' as you may think 
best, If the Board should think this applica- 
tion not improper, in our situation and it 
should be agreealjle to them, the Committee of 
Correspondence here will exert every nerve in 
Assisting the Officers to get their Companies 
filled, in the Most Expeditious Planner with 
the Ijest men and at the least Possible cxpeuce 
to the Public 
I am 
Gentlemen 

with great Respect 
y' most hum''''' Ser>' 

Jas Smith, Chair" 
of y Cora'' York County 
To Benjamin Franklin & Robert Morris Esqr 
and the Committee of Safety of the pro- 
vince of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia 
By the Lancaster post, to 
be did as soon as possible 



7. — Georr/e laylor. 

Born also in Ireland, in 1716. An emigrant at twenty, he 
was an apprentice in an iron works at Durham, Pennsylva- 
nia, and subsequently erected large ironworks at Lehigh, 
Northumberland-county, Pennsylvania. He is said at one 
time to have resided in Oranee-couuty, in this State, proba- 
bly looking for or esperimentiug in ores. He became both 
popular and influential, and was elected to the General As- 
sembly of Pennsylvania, in 1764, and continued a member 
for five years. In 177.'', as a Member of the Provincial 
Congress, he was a member of the Committee to prepare 
Instructions for the Delegates to the Continental Congress 
of that year. He served but one year in the Continental 
Congress, to which he was elected. Any writing of his 
is very uncommon, and difficult to obtain. He died at East- 
on, the twenty-third of February, 17S1. 

December 1773 
.Jacob Sraetter was iiualilied this day 
asAssessor for Penn Townsliip 
according to Law l)efore me 

*Geo TaTI.OI!. 



ing Gentlemen as Officers of a Company in flu 
German Regiment 

Conrad Schneider, Captain 
Jacob Stadler, !■' Lieut' 

Jacoe Foreman, 2' Lieut' 

George H.vrmony, Ensign 
They are recommended to me from Cumber- 
land : and I am informed will be able to raise a 
Company immediately in that County. 
I am. with much Esteem. 
Gentlemeti 

your very h'ble.serv' 
James Wilson 

Philad" 4''' Julv 17TG 
The Hon'ble 

The Committee of Safety of 
Penusvlvania. 



S. — James Wilson, 

Born in Scotland, in 1742, and emigrated to this country 
in 1766. He was a teacher, and afterwardi a lawyer, in 
Philadelphia. He was a member ot the General Congress 
from 1775 to 17TS, an energetic and competent ''olonel of 
"Militia in 1774, a Commissioner to treat with the Indians of 
Pennsylvania, in n7S, Advocate-general for the French Gov- 
ernment, in 1760, under the appointment of Mr. Gerard, the 
French >linister, who came out in the fleet of Count d'Es- 
laing, a Member of Congress in 17S*2. and also engaged in 
the settlement of the conflicting claims of Pennsylvania 
and Connecticut to the Wyoming section, a member both of 
Congress and of the Constitutional Convention in 17S7, and 
of the Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention of 17S.S and 
Judge of the Supreme Court in 1789, in all of which positions 
he acquitted himself with distinction, and died on the twen- 
ty-eighth of August, 179H, aged flfty-six years. He seems to 
have been a copious writer, and a iieat and skilful penman. 

Gentlemen 

I beg Leave to recommend to vou the follow- 



' To be improved. 



.''. — George Moss, 

Born at Newcastle, Delaware, in 1730. Liberally edu- 
cated, he established himself in the practice of the'lawat' 
Lancaster, at the age of twenty-one. Elected a member of i 
the Pennsylvania Assembly, in 176S, he continued a member 
for several years. He was a member of the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1777. He was a warm advocate of 
the continuance of the humane policy of William Penn to- 
wards the Indians. In .\pril, 1779, he was appointed a .Judge 
of the Court of Admiralty for Pennsylvania, and held that 
position to the time of his decease which occurred in July, 
amidst the ":reat grief of those who appreciated his phil- 
anthropy and worth. 

Gents 

Tis with difficulty I can hold a pen it thcic- 
fore shall not be tedious 

By tlie enclosed Packett for the Committee 
vou will observe tlie .steps taken in this city 
towards obtaining an amendment to our present 
system of Governm' & we flatter ourselves here 
that you w-il! most heartily assist. The citizens 
here mean not to direct & therefore should your' 
county think ot any other mode they will be 
perfectly satisfyed, I wrote to you particular- 
ly that you might consult on tlie measures you 
thought best to be pursued The Circular letter 
is left to be directed to such districts as you 
think proper. For Gods sake & your Countrvs 
use all diligence & get the jMemorial signed it 
sent to us by Express no time to be lost 

Yr sincere friend itc 
Geo Ross. 
PiiiLAD» 23 Slay 1777. 

Also autograph document. Order as .Tudsc 
in Admiralty for the sale of the ship Thetis 
A-c the prize of Private Brig of War General 
Montgomery & to pay the avails after deduct- 
ing seamens wages of Capt James Montgom- 
ery to be divided amongst the officers & crew 
of the latter vessel. Dated PniLADELrnrA 
1" November 177C 

Geo Ross 



,itG8 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE, 



237 



VIII. — Delaware. 

1. — Casnr Rodney, 

Born at Dover, Delaware, in 1730, of respectable English 
descent. He is stated by biographers to have inherited an 
estate from his father, also Caesar Rodney ; but in a testi- 
mentary letter to his wife, in the collection of John R. 
Thompson, Esquire, formerly of the Southern LiUrary 
Mtsstngir. he states that he has little to leave to her and to 
his son. Mr. Rodney was a member of the Stamp Act 
Congress of 1765, and a member and Speaker of the Pro- 
vincial Assembly, from 1766 to 1774. He was a member of 
the Continental Congress of 1774, and on the Committee 
that dratted the Bill of Bights. He was re-elected to Con- 
gress in 1776, and created a State Brigadier-general find a 
Judge of the Supreme Court, in 1TT7, which last he declined. 
He became a ftiajor-general, and not in title alone, being 
ever ethcient and often in active service, in a Colony ever 
alert to defend her rights and aid her sisters. After suffer- 
ing for many years from a cancer, that destroyed one of his 
eye.^, he died from its effects, in 17S3. 



I)" General 



MiDDLETOwN Scpf 6"' 17T7 



I imiuediatel.v oii the receipt o£ your letter of 
yesterday dispatched one of my Light Horse witli 
yours to Coll Richardson, who he fortunately 
ifound at the Head of Sassafras, by the same 
hand I ^vrote to Coll Gist to obtain and give me 
the best Information of the IMovements of the 
Enemy's Fleet and have Inclosed you his letter to 
me on that head. He mentions tlie rising and 
embodying of some Tories and Refers to another 
Letter sent here with. As to those mentioned to 
be in Kent on Delaware I am apprehensive it must 
be without foundation because I have very good 
Inteligence from that Qiwrter every day andliave 
lieard nothing of it. AVhen I arrived here yester- 
day was informed liy a numljer of people that 
four hundred of enemy had Landed that morn- 
ing at Town Point, the furthcrest Point of Land 
between the Rivers Elk & Bolioma, I immediate- 
ly sent a party out that way. The officer has Re- 
turned and Repoits that he was down on the 
point and all through that neck and that there 
were none of the Enemy to be seen I have a 
party of foot just setting out to take view of the 
Enemy about Atkins Tavern, where I was inform- 
ed they Lye. I liad forgot to tell you that the 
officer of "the Horse informed me he took a View 
of the Elk River and that he saw but three or 
four Vessels, small Vessels of War. Before I 
left Wilmington I drew five boxes of cartridges, 
Could nt)t tiien obtain a Waggon to bring them. 
The President promised to have them sent Imme- 
diately. However by some means or other they 
are not come. For want of them I am much dis- 
tressed, not having more than four Rounds, I 
think the Newcastle Militia now may and hope 
they will join me 

I am Sir 

Yr most obedt 
Humble Serv' 
Cesar Rodney 
IKo adireit] 



Also folio otlicial Document signed March 30' 
1 779 as President of Delaware. Also folio ADS 
as Recorder at Dover January 13' 1774 



:?. — George Read, 

Born in Maryland, in 1734, of a family of Irish origin, 

Possessed of wealth and position. He was admitted to the 
ar in 1753 ; and the next year, settled in the practice, at 
New Castle, Delaware ; and when tweuty-niue years of age 
had become the Kings Attorney-general for Newcastle, 
Kent, and Sussex. He was elected to the Colonial Congress 
of 1774-5-1776, and was a member of the General Assembly 
of Delaware for 1775. He was also President of the Con- 
vention of Delaware for framing a State Constitution ; and 
a member of the Federal Constitutional Couvention. He 
was also Chief-justice of the State, from 1793 to the time of 
his decease, in the Autumn of 179S; and was a zealous 
patriot and a useful citizen. 

His letters are very rare. l)ut those of a son whose sicna- 
ture resembles his, much more common. His grandson. 
General Meredith Read, now Consul at Paris, resides at 
Albany, N. Y. 

The Resolutions as reported from a Comnnttee of 
the whole in Convention on y 13"' .lune 1787 

1" Resolved that it is the Opinion of this Com- 
mittee that I the] a national goBernment |of the 
U S] ought to [consist] he estahlishcd consisting 
of a supreme Legislative .ludiciary and E.\e- 
cutive 

~^ Resolved that the National Legislature 
[ivej ought to consist of Two Branches 

3<i Resolved that the Members of the first 
Branch of the National Legislature ought to 
be elected by the People of the several States 
for the Term of |Two] Three yeais, to receive 
Jixed stipends liy which they may he compensii- 
ted for the demotion of their time to the jnih- 
lich service [to be of the age of 25 3'cars to 
receive an adecpiate comjiensation for their 
services] to be paid out of the National [pub- 
lick] Treasury, to be ineligalilo to any office 
estalilished hg a parlicalar State or under the 
autliority of the United States except those 
peculiarly belonging to the functions of the 
first Branch during the Term of Service [of 
the first Br.anch] and binder the national gov- 
ernml for the space of one year after its e.v- 
piration. 

4"' Resolved that the Members of the Second 
Branch of the National Legislatui'e [of the 
U S] ought to be chosen by the individual Leg- 
islatures, to lie of the age of thirty years at 
least, to hold their offices for a Term sufficient 
to ensure their Independency namely seven 
years, to receive fixed stipends by which they 
may be compensated for tlie devotion of their 
time to the public service to be paid out of the 
National Treasury, to be ineligable to any 
other office established by a particular State or 
under the Authority of the United States (ex- 
cept those peculiarly belonging to the func- 



• lDterUni»tion« in bra«kete. 



238 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE 



[Novembctv 



tions of the second Brancli) dmiufic the Term 
of Service and under the national Government 
for the space of one 3'ear after its expiration 

5"' Kesolved that eacli Brancli ought to possess 
the right of originating Acts. 

6"' Resolved that the National Legislature ought 
to be improved to enjoy the Legislative Rights 
vested iii Congress by the Confederation and 
that moreover to Legislate in all cases to which 
the seperate States are incompetent, or in which 
the harmony of the United States may be in- 
terrupted by the Exercise of individual Legis- 
lation, to negative all laws passed by the [sever- 
al] individual States, contravening in the opin- 
ion of the National Legislature the articles of 
Union or any Treaties subsisting under the 
authority of the Union i 

7'" Resolved, Tlrat the right of suffrage in the '; 
first Branch of the national Legislature ought 
not to be according to the rule established in 
the Articles of Confederation but according to 
some equitable Rates of Representation, name- 
ly in proportion to the whole number of 
white and other free Citizens and Inhabitants 
of every Age Sex & Condition including those 
bound to servitude for a Term of Years and 
three fifths of all other persons not compre- 
hended in the foregoing description (except 
Indians not paying Taxes in each State) 

S"" Resolved, that the right of suffrage in the 
Second Branch of the national Legislature 
ought to be according to the Rule established 
for the first 

!)"" Resolved that a national Executive be insti- 
tuted to consist of a single person, to be 
chosen by the national Legislature for the Term 
of Seven years ; with power to carry into Ex- 
ecution the National Laws, to appoint to ofRcea 
in cases not otherwise provided for, to be inel- 
igable a second time and to bo removeablo on 
Impeachment and Conviction of Mai practice 
or neglect of duty 

lO"" Resolved that the National Executive shall 
have a right to negative any Legislative Act 
which shall not be afterwards passed unless by 
Two Third parts of each Branch of the Na- 
tional Legislature. 

ll"" Resolved that a National Judiciary bo es- 
tablished to consist of one Supreme Tribunal 
tlie Judges of which U> be appointed by the 
secoml Branch of the National Lcgislatura to 
hold their officea daring good behaviour and 
to receive punctually at stated times a fixed 
comijcnsation for their Services in which no 
increase or dlmination shall be made to as to 
affect tho persons actually in o(fBce at the time 
of such increaso or dlmination 

19"" Resolved that tha National Legislatftro be 
impowered to appoint! inferior Tribunals ' 



13''' Resolved that the Jurisdiction of the na- 
tional Judiciary shall extend to cases which 
respect the collection of the National Revenue, 
Impeachment of any National Officers, and 
Questions which involve the national Peace 
& Harmony, 

1i'^ Resolved that Provision ought to be made 
for the admision of States lawfully- arising 
within the limits of tlie United States whether 
from a voluntary Junction of Government anil 
Territory or otherwise with the consent of a 
number of voices in the national Legislature 
less than the whole 

IS"" Resolved that Provision ought to be made 
for the continuance of Congress and their 
Authorities and Privileges until a given day 
after the reform of the Articles of Union shall 
be adopted and for the completion of all theii- 
engagements 

IG"' Resolved that a Republican Constitution 
and its existing laws ought to bo Guaranteed to- 
each State by the United States, 

IT"" Resolved that Provision ought to be made 
for Hie amendment of the Articles of Union 
whensoever it shall seem necessary. 

18"' Resolved that the Legislative Executive 
and Judiciary Powers within the several State."* 
ought to be bound by oath to support the Ar- 
ticles of Union 

1 9"^ Resolved that the Amendments which shall 
be offered to the Confederation by tho Conven - 
tion ought at a proper time or times after the 
approbation of Congress bo submitted to an 
Assembly or Assemblies of Representatives re 
commended by the several Legislatures to bo 
expressly chosen by the People to consider and 
decide thereon. 

[Endtn-sed.] 

G. Read's 
copy Reported Resol"' 

A wretched policy that which is dictated l>v fears 
and apprehensiona of what may be, more than by 
the reason of the thing, what aught to be. The 
ruling Maxim of all Governm" ought to be Do 
right and fear not. 

Below, in handwriting of Capt Carrof M'', (all 
the rest being in Mr. Read's) " Presented me by 
"his grandson at Newcastle, 1883." 

Also autograph legal document one page folio 
signet! Febraary 1761 



3 — Thomat ileKean, 

Bom ia New Lanflon, PemUTlTsnls, la tT84. He was » 
schoolmate ot Q»orge otaA, and both adopted the legal 
profasBlon ; and, in iTSe. ho h«d become Depnty AttomoJ- 
general to the Proricca, Ha was connected with both 
PennsylTKila and DeUware ; and. In U57, Clerk of the 
Assembly ot the latter. Hb eerred In the- Stamp Act Con- 



1868.] 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE, 



209 



areas of 1765, aud the Continental, from 1174 to 17S3, serv- 
ing as President after tlie resignation of Samuel Huntington. 
He held the jrasition of Chief-justice of PennsylvaDia for 
twenty years, and Governor of that State for nine years ; 
and was an honorary member of the Society of Cincinatti. 
His daughter. Miss Sally HcKean, was a celehrated lieauty, 
and married the Marquis d'IriJ5. the Portuguese Minister. 
He died the twenty-fourth of June, 1S17, aged eighty-four 
years, having tilled a most distinguished part in history. 

PniL.MiELrniA Novr' .-)"' 180G. 
Sir 

Your favor of the 3' by Judge Waggoner I 
have received and am pleased witli your caution 
regarding tlie mortgage from the President Man- 
agers & CoHip' of theEaston Bridge over Dela- 
ware. However informal, the instrument will 
do as a security for tlie Commonwealth, and I 
have felt a repugnance to delay the company out 
of the money or the State out of interest for it, 
until the mortgage should be more formaly drawn 
and presented. 

You may deliver the warrant on the Treasury 
for the D. 10.000 to M' Daniel Waggoner, on 
his delivering the mortgage to you ; a minute of 
this transaction should be entered in the Book of 
E.tecutive business. We got home safe and 
found all well In haste adieu 

Tiio McKe.vn 
James Tbi.mble Esquire 

D Secretary of State, At 
Lancaster 
favored by Daniel 
Waggoner Esquire. 



and he intends a Voyage by water to New Or- 
leans and will sail from this Citj' on Sunday 
week (the II"') in the Ship Comet. He propos- 
es to go up the river Missi.ssipi to Natchez ; aud 
has some thought of Making a permanant Kesi- 
dence between these places, if on View he shall 
think it expedient ]\Iy son has not mixed and is 
therefore unacquainted with the World, the 
knowledge assistance and advice therefore ot 
some gentleman of Information tt Experience 
■would be highly acceptable I hope you will 
excuse my soliciting you for an Introduction of 
him to some gentlemen in New Orleans. Fort 
Adams or the Natchez. Your Compliance with 
this Recpiest will greatly oblige 
Dear Sir 

Your most obed' serv' 

SAiiuEi, Chase 
Honorable 

General Dayton, 
Senator of the 
By Mail United States, Washington 

Document signed, dated 12 October, 17(!8, 
one page quarto ; and an autograph law docu- 
ment sirjned two pages folio, dated December 
18' 17T0. 



IX. — Maryland. 

1. — Samvel Chase, 

Bom in Somerset-connty, Maryland, April 17, 1T41; 
nead law at Annapolis, and was admitted to practice, at 
twenty vears of age. He was a Member of the Provincial 
Assembly; and in 17T4, being a member of the Colon- 
ial Committee of Correspondence, was elected to the 
Congress; and in 1770, visited Canada as one of a Com- 
mittee to negotiate with the people for concerted action. 
This mlssioo, however, proved unsoccessfnl with a people 
who were wearied with a lon» continued warfare, which 
had culminated In the struggle in which both Montcalm 
and Wolfe had fallen a few years before, and who looked 
with eusplcion on an overture promising a renewed war- 
fare. Ho coatinned In Congress until 1778 : and was in 
1T66, appointed by Washington, a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of the United States, which office he held fifteen 
years. Ho waa an eminent Lawyer and a distingnislied 
Judge. H!a residence, a noble building, still stands near 
the entrance-gate of the Naval Academy in Annapolis. Ha 
died on the nineteenth of June, 181U 

R\LT« 2 December 1803 
De.\r Sir 

My youngest son, M' Thomas Chase is obliged 
from ill Health brought on by a eendentary life 
to relinquish, almost oa soon as commenc*^ the 
practice of the Law. Ho haa been the two last 
Summers to the Bath and Sweet Springs in Vir- 
ginia but obtained no relief from his Com- 
plaints, which is seated in the stomach, he Is 
advised by his Physicians to a change of climate 



^.—Thomas Stone, 

Born in Pointon's Manor, Maryland, iu 1743. Ue waH 
well educated, read law, and entered into practice at An- 
napolis in 1764. He served in the Congress of 1774 and 
1775, and aided in framing the Articles of Confederation, 
lie was an influential Member of Congress, and, for a time, 
its acting President, retiring in 1780, to his home at Port 
Tobacco, where he died at toe early age of forty-three, in 
October. 1787. His letters are rare, and like thoseot Carroll, 
generally on business subjects. His grand-son, Frederick 
Stone of Port Tobacco, is in Congress, and probably still 
uses the " stone steps " alluded to, a« well a.'? his ancoiHor's 
place Id the National Councils. 

In ConNCii, 8 September 1781 

On DERM), 

That the western shore Treasurer pay to Thom- 
as Stone Esq' One hundred and Seven Pounds, 
Six Shillings and one Penny specie Agreeably to 
the "Act "to Adjust the Debts due from the 
State per Certificates settled 'bv the And. 
Gen' 

p. order 
( Zepu. Ti'RNEE * T. JoH^'so^^ Jr. O. 

[Enelorged :\ 

Rec'' Contents 6 Sept 1781 in Certificates 

T. Stone 

Tbo" Stone 

£ 107. G. 1 

8 Sept. 1781. 

p. Ctfe adjusted 

D» Sir' 
Bo pleased send me from Baltimore by the 

• Coiijlt«« XTH-.Ti. 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



[November, 



first opportunity to Port Tobacco loO lbs white 
iead ground in Oil for whicli witli the freiglit I 
will piiy to your store at Port Tobacco on its 
Arrival. There is none to be had with us and I 
am in great want which I hope will apologize 
for this Trouble given you by 
D'Sir 

Yr Friend & Serv' 

T. Stone 
Annapolis Sept 17" 1773 

P S. If any proper Stones for Steps to be 
had should be obliged by yr sending also suffic- 
ient for two doors 
J[r RoiiEiiT Christie Jun 
Balt : Town 

Also a L. S. one page quarto, dated Port 
Tobacco, Nov. 18, 1770, with signature inserted ; 
and a small A. D. S., dated Sept. 8, 1781. 



• >'. — William Paca, 

Born nt Wye Hall, Maryland, in 1740, He was liberaly 
educated, and graduated creditably at Philadelphia Col- 
lege. He was admitted to the bar in 1761, and elected to 
the Provincial Assembly. Served in Congress, from 1774 
10 17T9; and as Chief .Judge of the Superior Conrt, in 1778; 
Governor of Maryland, in 17S2, which position he held for 
a year, and then retired to private life, and died in 1799. 
aged sixty. A parcel of his letters, until then scarce, 
"turned np '' in Baltimore, a few years since, and sup- 
plied many wants. 

In Council Ac(;ust 4, 1780. 
£ 50.— 

Ordered that the western shore Treasurer pay 
to William Paca Esq' Fifty pounds Current Mon- 
ey for one Quarter's Salary as a member of the 
Council due the 23 instant. 
By order 

T. .Johnson Jr. G 
C. Richmond Aud. Gen'. 
K(l the above 

W- P.\.CA 

Sir 

We have been honored with your Excellency's 
letter in reference to Capt. Jlitchcll. As we 
have no Council at this Time & Capt Mitchell 
cannot wait until our meeting on Friday next we 
could give him no positive Assurances of an ap- 
pointment to one of our Barges especially as pre- 
vious applications have been made by others. 

We shall always be happy to pay attention to 
your Excellency's reccommendations, and are 
With Sentiments of 
Respect & Regard 
Your Escelly's 
Jlost Obedt Hble Serv". 
* Mat Tilghman 
W" Paca 

• Congress in 17M-T7. 



Talbot Court House 

17 July 1781 
[Addressed.] 

His Excellency 

Thomas Sim Lee Esqr 
Governor of Maryland. 

In Council Annapolis 1 1 Octo 1 783 
Sir 

We. are informed by Capt Blagruder of the 
Guard over the JIagazine at Frederickstown that 
the greater part of the men under his Command 
are discharged having served the time for wliich 
tliey were enlisted. Thinking it necessary still to 
keep Guard there we request you will furnish men 
for that i)urpose from tliose under your Command 
We ))resume that mee. from the Cor[is of Invilids 
may be ordered on this Duty 

With much Respect 
We are Sir 

Yr most obedt Serv' 
W" Paca 
Major Wakdman 

Commanding the Continental Ti-oops 
Fredericks Town. 

Also a small A. D. S. dated Aug 4 1780. 



Jf. — O/iarles C'drroU of CarroUtoii, 

Born September 20, 1737, of a family of Irish origin. At 
the age of eight years, he was sent to the Jesuit College of 
St. Omer, where he remained until 1751 ; and, subsequent- 
ly, to the College of Louis le Grand, where he graduated 
in 1754. He commenced the study of law at Bourges, and 
continued it at Paris aud London. After eight years resi- 
dence at the latter place, he returned to Annapolis, Mary- 
land, an accomplished gentlemen ; and was soon after, im- 
mersed in the cause o*' Independence. Under the signa- 
ture of First Citizen, he entered into a controversy with 
Mr. Dulany, a promiueut and able colonist, the represen- 
tative of the Lords Proprietors. Like Lewis Morris, and 
others, who were men of wealth, before the Revolution, 
Mr. Carroll was incited to this course, by the truest patriot- 
ism. Among the many public duties he performed, Avas a 
mission to Canada, to propitiate the French habitans tocom- 
mon action, in which he was accompained by lais kinsman 
Bishop Carroll After living for many years, to enjoy the 
government he had helped to create, he died the last of the 
Signers, on the fourteenth of November, 1S32. His grand- 
son Hon. John Carroll, now a Senator in Maryland, spends 
a portion of the year iu this city with his father-in-law, 
Eoyal Phelps Esq. Mr. Carroll's letters, of late date on 
business subjects, are common. 

11 August 1773 
Sir 

Tlie letter from your brother which accompan- 
ies this was delivered to me yesteday by 31r. 
Cromwell. I waited on Sir. Johnson this morn- 
ing and he tells me that he thinks Cromwell is 
undoubtedly entitled to t of the land & therefore 
will be entitled to the profits of those thirds. 
Cromwell from what he threw out yesterday in 
conversation with me on this Subject would I be- 
lieve take £ 4 currency per acre I realy think the 
Company would do well to pay him that price <fc 



180S.1 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



Mt 



tfio costs of suits provided he will givo up all 
claim to the piotits on his two thirds on recoiving 
the price aforesaid. I wish you would talk with 
Cromwell on this business and persuade him to 
wait Jlr. Bar' CVroll's ariival, who is daily ex- 
pected. You may perhaps remember the appeal 
from the sentence of the Provincial Court was 

'brought with a view to n;ain time to compromise 
matters with Cromwell & it was then proposed & 
talked of among ns to entrust some one to treat 
with Cromwell for his land on behalf of the 

•Oompany. I hope you have your health liettcr 
Sr Yr most humble serv' 

Ch Cakrot.i, op CAjmi)tj,TON- 

To Wai-tkh Dclant Esq 

\KnJoraed] 1772 August 11 

Ch Carroll of Carrollton letter to the C()mpy 

>f:;lative to Oliver Cromwell. 

-^' ' 

Also A L B two pages, iiuarto, dated Anuap- 

•oliB, 17, March, 1791 ; a small A L S, dated 

May 18, 1774 ; and an A Ti S one page, quarto, 

of his father, dated Oot 31, 1770. 



X— VlUC.lMA. 

In CoMMiTi'RK roK POREUON Afkaibs 
YoTiK Town 
May 14^ i77S 

flirt 

Your seventl Favours of (kv 6''' Xov' 27'" & 
Dec' S* were delivere<l to us on the 3'^ Instant, 
the Dispatch^ by M' De.ine and those by Cap' 
Young arriving on the same Day. AVe had be- 
fore received your short Letter of the H*' of 

..lune. but lire yet without that of the 20"' of 
July, in which you had informed us " at large 

•<)f your proceedings in Prussia.'' Its contents 
wouM have proved highly agreable to us in 
those Months when we were quite uninformed of 

•thr> proceedings & prosptM^ts of your Colleagues 

:!it Paris. Impressed with a sense of the value of 

•flic King of Prussia's " warmest wishes for our 
Success "we give assurance of equal wishes in 

•Congress for that Monarch's prosperity : We 

'have little Doubt of open Testimonies of his i 

majesty's Friendship in Consequence of the late ! 

Decision of the King of Prance. j 

Your Information in liegard to our Conuec- } 

ition witli the fictitious House of Ilortales & C° j 
is more explicit than any we had biiforo received, j 

■tiut we further expect that all Mysterj' should be | 

•removed : Sure that there cannot now Iv; occasion \ 

for any, if there ever was, for Half of the past. I 

Our Commercial Transacli.jus will veiy speedi- | 

1y be put under the Direction of a Board consist- ! 
ing of Persons not members of Congress, ir, be- j 
ing impracticable for the gaiiK! ilen t(j ciinduct . 
the deliberative and executive Business (jf the ! 

'Continent now in its great Increase. i 

Hrs. MAf.. Vou IV. Ifl. 



It has been next to impossible to make I!emit- 
tances for many montlis from the Staple Colonies 
the coasts of which have tH«n cocstautly iufeskil 
by numerous and strong Cruisers of the Enemy. 
We hope the Alliance of Maritimu powers witli 
us will remove our Kmbarrassmcnts and give u« 
opportunity to carrj- into Kffcot our hearty Wis-bis 
to mainfain the fairest commercial Roputatic>n. 

Thiirewill be great Impropriety in our makinjr 
a different Settlement for tlie Supplias receivc«l 
from Spain from that whicb we make in Regjird 
to thosi; received from France. Wo bj-c greatlv 
obliged to the Friends who have exert-td them- 
selves for our Relief, and wish you to Bignifv 
our (jratitude upon every proper Opportunity. 
But having promij^ed to make Remittances to 
IIortal(;s for the prime Cost, Charges Int+ffest. 
& usual mercantile Commission upon whatever 
is justly due to that House, we must ke<»)> the 
same Lino with GaRlof[ui. On the one Hand, 
we would not willingly give Disgust l)y slight- 
ing princely Generosity nor on tlie other putwiiit 
to unnec,essary Oljligations. 

The Unanimity with which CougTe>,s luts* rati- 
tied the Treaties witli France and the general 
glarl acceptance of the Alliance by the people of 
these States must shock Oreat Britain who sc-jcmK 
to have thought no CVuelty from her would de- 
stroy our great Partiality in her Favor, ^yha,t 
plan she will adopt in consequences of her DLsap- 
pointment Time onlv caa discover. But we 
shall aim to be iu a position either to negocint«» 
h()norat>Ic peace or continue this jiL-^t War. 

We stand in need of the advice and n-ssistanod 
of all our Friends in the matter of Finance ; as 
the fjuantity of our Pajxir Currency necwsarilr 
emitted has produced a Depreciation which will 
be ruinous if not very quickly checked. We 
have encouraging accounts of tho Temper of the 
Hollanders of late and expect we may find lEelief 
from that Quarter among others. 

A few weeks if not a few Daysinuet produr* 
fruitfid subject for another Letter when we siiall 
in our Line of Duty nnew our M.ssnraDces of 
being 

With groHt Regard 
Sir 

Your affectionate 
humble Servant* 

Bicn-\KD Hknri- Ijvb 
■* James Loveix 
KoRT Moi!m,« 
Jbmb' Aiiiucu Lf.i. L-qr. 

This letter Ls in the handwritinij 
i>f James Lovell — Tlie eignatnrei. 
all' iintographie 11. H. h^'. 



f onp-cfs, 1T76-S-2. 



.eii 



H I 3 T O K I C A li MAGAZINE. 



Noveinbi 



1. — liidiaril Henry Lef, 

Born in WeBtmorcland-couuty, Virginia, the tifteijtioth of , 
Jauuary, 1732. He was educated at Wakctield, in York- ] 
sliiro, .snd was a man oi liter.iry acconipn.''hmcDtP and popi- 
fivc character, ne organized the flr'-t association opposed 
tii the oppre;?sivc measiircri o£ the Crown, and was an active 
•member oi tlie tirst "Committee ot CorrcHjMmdfnce," a 
Colonel of the Militia raised for pul)lic delciicc, and in the 
Ooutineutal Coni^resa in 1(7.1, and was the tirst to introduce 
4 re'^olution for a separation, lie was for a time I'resident 
of Con^^resH, and one of its most active members, servin;; 
on various important committees. He retired from C'on- 
,i^ress in 17H4, and was appointed lirst Seuatorfor Virpinia. 
under the n*;w Coustitutjon. His letters are f.'eueralVv fnll 
<it interest and consistt^nt witti his reputation as a zealous 
and liard-workinj patriot. He died the nineteenth of .lune, 
170!. 

Piiii.A)ii;i.i'iii.\ 2fi"' Mi\y I. '.'7 
>[v Dv.wi Sii; 

I'^Smliiii^ Iiy ynui IlMit oC this |io,st tu ycdir 
brnther tliiit vim siipposi; I liave been negligent in 
iDV o)iTiy|)t)iidciico witli you my cOiicf imr|Ki8f 
h«ro ia ti( icninvc tliat charge. 1 tlo nut reiueut- 
bcru'liieh of us is tlelitor on tlie letter score but 
MS far ;i.s I do recollect I think I wiis the writer 
not. T.lio Keceivcr of the last letter. However 
this may be it apiieared the less necessary to me 
to write as I knew .M' Page furnislied you with 
regular iutelligeuce of what passed in tlie war 
department Ijcsides wiiieli I had nothing worth 
troubling you with or ('ailing my attention from 
the bu33' scene around me. 

I observe in the Gazette your call upon our coun- 
trymen to apply some of their attention to the 
business of phil<jsopliy. Your rcascming is ]n-~t 
»nd I hope will have its due weight. I .iiu 
suru that sonic amongst us liave aljundiuit neces- 
sity both for the study tiiid the practice of the 
mural part of that noble science. If this had 
Jieen better learntid such an industrious atterajit 
to injure my reputation in the opinion of my 
Coautrymen wouUl not have ttiken place. It has 
been a wicked industry, the most false and the 
niobt malicious that the deceitful heart of man 
ever produced. I am not on my own account 
sttccted with the malice of my enemies because 
I have long panted for retirement from the most 
distressing jjressure of business that I ever had 
couoeption of. Itut my jjiincipa! concern arises 
from the dreadlul example uiy ease presents to 
cool the ardour of jjatriotism and jirevent llie 
»Hcritke of private ease to i)ubl!c service. I 
ought at least to liave been heard in my defence, 
Hut Sir, I will not trouble you with iiij- feelings 
The enemies expected reinforcement.' from Eu- 
rope have not yet arrived in consequence of 
which our Army in Jersey outnumbers their? con- 
siderably but .since they do expect .S or 10,000 
men from beyond the Atlantic and may bring 
the giesitest part of their force round from C'ana" 
d* in order to make one last dying effort it be- 
hooves us to be prepared to meet the desperate 
designs of desperate men. If no ilisappoint- 
nient takw place when their whole force ii col- 



lected I do not think they will be so strong ms 
when the field was taken last year iind the Aniei 
icau Army promises to be much more formidaI>Ie. 
Skirmishing still continues ;ind still we keep the 
superiority inasmuch as liy ihr late nianouvres of 
the enemy it seems not improbable flitit they in- 
tend to quit Jersey soon. They ]i;iid severely foi 
their provision destroying excursion to Danbury 
where besides tlieir disgraceful ilight tiny did not 
loose less than 4.'jti or ."lOO men killed A: wounded. 
(JoTcrnor Tryoii. late a Miijor Geniral, and tlol"' 
Wolcott are bolli dead of the wounds they re 
ceived in that chace. The last accounts from 
York tell us that the IJritisli (pllicers look grave- 
!ind say all hope ol coiKjuering .\merica but by 
disuniting it is now lost Gretit cfForts will be 
made this year for that purpose. ;ind no ;ict or 
expense omitted to ol)t:iin by fraud what torct? 
has failed to pioeure, the Court ftivorite " Sn' 
" dtiction ot .\meriea." ^Ve hear Ihtit in tin. 
West Indies Krencli Privateers Rbound undi r 
Contiuenttil f'ommissions which I think (iiniiot 
fail to procure w;ir if Grctit liritain is not dead 
to every feeling except resentment for thr virtm- 
of their once aflcctionale bretlirin :ind fellow 
subjects. The enclosed paniphhtt is well written (i, 
and will I hope amuse you. l>e pleased to give- 
my brother Thorn tlie reading (jf it wheti you havr- 
tiniahcd it. 
.\dieu my dearsir, I am youraffeilionate kin»mari< 

lIuttAKl) lIlNKV liKiC 

I liope to see you eie long in \Villiiinisburg, 

[AddrefseJ .■' 

Hon'bic .JouN Paok es(|Uire 

at WilliaiDsburg in 
A'irginia 

Piiti.uji.i.fiiiA IMaich ■-'•") I7',V.' 

; Mv mwii Sii: 

I I think ycm arc a letter in my delit liowever' 
that is a triflle amongst friends, and perhaps it 
might have been many more if my time had 
not been mo^t laboriously engaged with C'ongres 
siimal aflairs and most of all with the Kepresent 
atives bill. It was an endless wurk jdniost iu- 

; imrsue thro the various detours and meandering 
in this business. The bill has iinally passed th« 

; 2 htiuses by which Virginia Ims ;.'! merabers &• 
Kentucky ',' — but 6 Eastern States have one apiecti 

' more than they ought Jeisey it Delawuro the 
same, and N A S Carolina eacli 1 more also than 

I these States would any of them have hail if the 
plain Constitutional mode had ijcen pursued of 

I dividing the number of people in each St<it-if 
respectiedy by the agreed ratio of S0,000. Hut 

I by a certain Arithmetico {wliticnl Sophistry on 

j arrangement of 6 to 'J in favor of the North' 

1 against the South Las been made of the 8 mem- 

1 bcra gained by this Sopliism. They fir^t diridB 



J SOS. 



U I S T O li I C A L J[ A G A Z I N E . 



343 



(!wi ^V;lyn<> ; iiotliin^' transpires fnini theCjibinet, 
ynur rriciuls .'in,' dciii' 1't>r you but <.'ieli hns his 
Partisans. 1 do not kntm where tu direct cho 
enclosed so tliat it may soon reaeli my brolher, 
and 1 wisli liiin to gtt it quirkly as possible. I 
have tlierclore taken tlic liberty ol' enclisitig it 
to you and reiiucst that you will have the good- 
ness to eontrive it tfi him ■with all the expedition 
in your j'owef 

I am witli j^reat atl'tX-'tion 
Yours sincerely 
llteuAiai iliLNuv l.hK. 
Uentemlxr ine cordially fo my friends inlJi(;)i- 
mond amonj; whom 1 count particularly Mr Mar- 
sliull, the Trca-iirer it Mr Ilarrey with Ol" Car- 
rint!ton. 
(To Major (ien Henry Li^ 

Uichmond \a) 



the uhole or ajrgregato number of the pooplo in ! tween yourself, Gen Putnam, Gen I'inckiiey & 

the U S liy ;!0,(KIO which produces 120 members "" • - . „ .. . 

instead ol 110 -which would have come from 
dividie.L; the people in e.U'li State by :!(I.OttO leav- 
iui; larye fractious with some States. .\fter 
ha^inl^■ olilained I'.'O members they ai)!)!^' differ- 
ent ratios to different States so as to give one 
Member for that ratio whicli in each shi'uld 
approach nearest to 1 for :;i).000 and leaving 
smaller fractions. This iiiiii-nious theory may 
herealirr change when thi: fr.'ictional a|)plicatio!i 
sliall be found to bcnelit the South as now it does 
the Moith For then it may appear improper, 
tlio now it does not til change a letil into a virtual 
representation t^o far as tractions an; employed 
This liill went by a majority of 1 in the Senate 
.Old '.' in tlie It of U three of the members of the 
latter against it being sick or out of the way. I 
do appreliend however that when a full represen- 
tation comes into the two Houses after the next 
election, that all this aril hmifical sophistry will 
vanish before truth andthe Constitution as Mists 
are dispersed by the rising Sun. This liill, that 
for the frontier ami the I'ost dllice bill being 
past and thcMilili.'i and Coinage Mills in great 
forwanluf^s we ui.'iy rise I y the middle of Al>ril 
which will give time enough for the Ways & 
Cleans Inll. lUit 1 tear the Specidators will agi- 
tate a fresh assum|)l;on which they are veiy intent 
upon but which hitherto they have not ventured 
to bring torth from out of the Treasmy Itcport. 
Gen I'inox told us the other day that the extra 
pay of our 3Iilitia the last year would be all 
allowed excejit about r.'IKl dollais which would 
ref[uire legislative provision, and that he thought 
it woulil be worth while to apply for it. The 
list of claims remain yet w ith Col Davis who has 
waited for a bill now parsed for removing the 
limitation law two years to come, which will let 
in the greater jiart of Ihem. Such a one fotmd- 



.\!so folio oilicial doeumei.t dateil Auu 
and signed as I'reaident of (.'ongress 



!7 1785 



JSoni In Kli'/abetli-county, Vir^Mnia, iu ll',i<i. Kully pre- 

f tared by previous education, he entered ttu: i>rai'r.ice of tbo 
aw, in 1757, stiowin^ from the outset his di><tJi]f,'Qishe(l 
jitiility. As a member of the Hon«c of BurL'ei^Hes tie parti- 
cipated in ratricl; Henry's bold stand for freedom. A 
memt)er of tlie Continental Compress, in 1770, he joined 
in the action of the following year. A delegate to the Con- 
rention to form a Constitntion for the United States, it 
will be seen that he was compelled to retire, from domeatic 
affliction. He vna also Chancellor of the Wtate of Virgin- 
ia. Late in life, beins deprived of the ui^e of his rlijht hand^ 
he learned to print with wondertnl clearness with his left. 
There was a suspicion of foul play in th^ deafh of Mr, 
Wythe, which occurred on the ei;;hrh of .June, Jwfij in hitf 
eighty-flrsr year, a near relative bein? charged With Ujo 
crane, and acquitted. 

O. M'ytlif III Mr. li:>i,(liilj,!i. 

JI " Ws state of lifaltli is ."o low and -he is .so 

maciiited, that my apprehension" are not a little 

not befall, s-llB 



worst should 
nnist linger i lear a long time, in no other cir- 
cnmstancey wotiUl i -withdraw from tlie employ- 



ed on ideas not warranted by the former Act.s of j atflicting and if the 
('ongres<i. the LegislHt4ire will not luivv open a 
door for the admission of, apprehending a great 

increase ol the jmblic debt thereby. The Mill- i ment. to which i had the honour to be appointed, 
taiy Claim of band .south of Ohio yet l.'iys l>e- i but as probably i shall not return to IMiiladelphia 
fore the house of llcpresentatives and 1 fear that : if, sir, to appoint one in my room be judged ad- 
the violation of an Indian 'J'reaty in the incsent '■ visable i hereby authori'/'e you to consider thia 
criticalStateof Indianaflftirswillprcventanything ! letter .as a resignation, no less valid than afolemn 
effectual fi'om being now done iu that business. 
A jirodigious shock has lately assailed the sj)ecu- 
lators and Stocks of all kinds wonderfully fall- 
in, but I fancy the spirit will soon again leyive 
for 1 see that 2H/ is now ofl'ered lor <l ]>er cents 
payable and deliverable in .lanuary next. .Vn 
amazing ))rofit this totho.se who have money, for 
.at this moment the same (i per cents may be pur- 
chased for 21/9 and sold directly tigain with 9 j 
inontlm credit for 26. Who shall Ije Command- ; 
er in Chief of the Western Expedition is no-w a 
matter of Town Talk. They say it will lay l>e- I 



act lor that express purpive, my best -wishes at- 
tend you and the other moat respectable peisori- 
ages with whom i was thought worthy to ba. 
Hssociated 

Wil.riAMSiU'KiiH I(i of June 1787 
[Ath/rfimfi/ 1 

Hon Edmi.sii KAM>of,i'ft 
a deputy from Virginia to 
theConventioa 



S44 



HISTOKICAL MAUAZINK. 



Koveml>ei:. 



S. — Thomas Jefftnon, 

B<.m at Hhadwell, Virginia, the swond of April, (<).!•.) 17-13 
Ho inbfriUid the eetatft of Montircllo from bin tathcr, and 
made it famons ac his home. 1! in only neceBpary to My ot 
ro well known a rharacter, that he dratted the Dcelarailon 
of Icdeiw^ndence, and after holdlup many Important offices, 
incladinK that ot I'renident ot the United Stall's, ac- 
cepted from a Bense ot duty that of Justice of the Peaee. 
He went. to his rest, at the age of eighty-foor, on the anni- 
verBory of the cTowning act of his ^ireatnese, the f onrtb ot 
JqIt, 1S«8, leaving his biography as patriot, statesman, 
philosopher, anthur and diplomatist, written in tie mem- 
ory of the iieoplo. 

1>KU,A»HXPHIA tki :!1 nT5 

Dkab Pack 

We have nothing iitjw from Englajid or the 
camp before Hoston, by a private letter this day 
to a gentlemen of Congress) from General Mont- 
jjomery we learn that our forces before 8t John's 
are 4000 in numlxsr besides 000 Canadians the 
latter of whom have repelled -with great intrepid- 
ity three different attacks from the fort. We 
apprehend it will not hold ont much longer as 
Mons' St liUC de la Corne and several other prin- 
cipal inhabitants of Montreal who have lurii oiir 
ji^reat enemies have offeretl to make terms. This 
St, Luc is a great Seigneur amongst the Canadians 
nnd almost aljeolute with the Indians, he has been 
our most bitter enemy, he is acknowledged to 
be the greatest of all scoundrels, to be as.sured of 
this I UL-ed only to mention to you that he is the 
raftian who when during the lute war Kort Wil- 
liam Henry was suirendered to the French & 
Indians ou condition of .saving the livt* of the 
garrison had every soul murdered in cold blood. 
The check which the Canadians received at first 
Ls now wearing olf , they were made to believe 
we had :tn army of 15,000 men going there, 
this put them in high spirits but when they saw 
Montgomery with but L'TOO thiy were thundor- 
Btruck at the situation they hail brought them- 
selves into, however when they found even (his 
umall armament march boldly to invest St .Tohn's 
A put a good face on the matter Ihey revived. A 
the recruits sinci' liave contribute*! to inspirit 
Ibem more. 

I have set apail nearly one day in every week 
since I came here to write hitters, notwithstanding 
this I never had received the scrip of a pen from 
any mortal breathing, I should have excepted too 
lines from M' P«idleton to desire me to buy him 
24 lb of wire from which 1 concluded he was 
alive. 1 speak not this tor you from whom I 
would not wish to receive a letter till 1 know you 
rjMi write one without injury to your health, but 
in futare as I must l)c satisfied with information 
from my colleagues that mj' county still exists, 
»o I am determined to be satisfied also with their 
epistolary communications of what passes within 
onr knowledge 

Adieti, Dear Page 

Delexsa k,«t Nokpolk 



i AJdressfd] 
To 

The honorable 

.lOHX P.\(JK CMjr 

Williamsljurgh 

T,'' D"' Forces * 
present station 
Our Plan 
Powder and amis 
Skinnishes 

Is CotTSCix, December 21' 17»0 
Snt 

I have rec'eived authority from the Ix-sjislalni-s 
to provide cloathing and blankets for the trotjps 
byseisdng the same which will be ttccompaaied 
by endeavors to pnrchas*.'. Agents ai-e out pn)- 
curing salted beet and others setting out to pro- 
cure pork in as large (luantities as they are to be 
had to be stored on the Roanoke iwni its navig- 
able waters. Ten thousand barrels of Hour will 
certainly be provided, the number of waggons 
which have been delivered t^) the Ck>ntiiienta.l 
Q. M. einci! the date of Oen Gates' requisition I 
have not yet l>een aJ)le to procure a return of, 
nor the tjuantities vi spirits delivered to the con- 
tinental oommisnary, itonsidoraWe deliveries of 
both articles have been made. Any other measures 
which ma}' have Iwxn taken by the A.isembly for 
further compliance with the reqni'^itioiw of tJen' 
Green are yet unconimunicatixi to ine, as arm.s 
were never among the requisitioiks made by Con- 
gress on the .several statci", this state n vcr sup- 
posed it would l>e cx|}ectcd Ihty should provide 
that ai'ticle for their quota of Continentjil troops, 
they have only had in % iew to proc^ure lri>m time 
to time -io many as mii;ht anu ihtir militia when 
neces.sity n'<|uir«l the i?ulling tliMu into .service, 
from this stock they ha\e furnishi-d arms for 
Continental uff till it is «> nxluced that they 
have not the ^malU^i piii-^'^>ei-'t of iH'jng able 
from the State magaziiiej* to .spare as ixjuny ti* 
will ana their new Continental Levies 
I .im with great respect sir. 
Your mo ob s<'rv' 

Tl[ .TKFKEK.SOi 

l^VJUrt Aug '^ 17SB. 
SiH 

I have duly iw;eivtxl the honour of your Ex- 
cellency's letter of May 17 1786, on the subject 
of Capt° Greene suppascd to be in Captivity 
with the Algerines, I wish I could have commu- 
nicated the agreeable news that this supposition 
was well founded. I should not have hesitsted 
to gratify as well your K.^cellency as the worthy 
father of Capt Greene by doing whatever would 
have been necessary for his redemption, but we 

* I<or(l DuDmore'.'^ 



J888.] 



HISTOKICAIi MAGAZINE. 



245 



have (xtrtainty no such prisoner »t Algiers. We 
hiive thin; 'M prisonern in all, of these only -t 
are Americans by birth, three of these are Cap- 
tains, of the names of O'Brien, Stephens & Cof- 
fyn, thcrL* were only two vessels taken by the 
-Vlgerines one commanded by O'Brian the other 
by StoeveuB, Cottyn I believe was a supercargo ; 
thH Mooi-s took one vessel from Philadelphia 
which they gave np again with tlie crew, no 
♦rther cspturca have been made on us by any of 
tho pyratical States. I wish I could say we 
wen; liki'ly to be (>ecure against fntnre eapturts, 
with Monx-co I have hopes we ."hHll but the 
i*tat<s ol Algiers, Tunis & Tripoli liold their 
peaco h; a. price which would be felt by every 
man in his settlement with the taxgstherer. I 
Tiave the honor to be with sentiments of the 
highest res|)€Ot 

Tour Ktwllency's most i>l)edient & roost liuui- 
We serve Tu .TKKrr:i;snN 

II. E. Gov. Hejjkv. 

I' S. Ani} IS nsi:. [ have this morning re- 
•x-lvwl int.irmation from M' Barclay that our 
\K&cf> witli the Emperor of Morocco would be 
pretty certainly signed in a ft;w day?, thus leave? 
us the .\tlantic free, Algiers Tunis & Tripoli 
however remaining hostile will shut up the Med- 
Herraneaji to ns, the two latter never came into 
the Atlantic the Algerincs rarely and but a Iittl« 
>vay out of the straight*. In Mr Barclay's letter 
is a paragraph " there Ls a young man now under 
ray ea!-e who lias been a slave some tlim' with 
the jVrabs In the desert his name is James Mercier 
bora in the town of Suffolk, Naasemond County 
Virginia, the king sezt him after the tirst audi- 
•tnce and I shall take him to 8pain" On M' 
Barclays return to Spain ho shall tind there a let- 
Ut from nifl t-o forward this young man to hi" 
uwn conutry, for tl)e expenses of which I will 
make myself re^on-sible. 

P.XKis Ang 9 1787 

iSlK 

Tile dc.partnri" of a packet boat from Havre 
for New York oo^asioniug me always a great 
(kal of previous writing I have not been able 
•ooner to acjvuowledge the nx^eipt of your note 
af .lane S or Warwick's succession letter of 
June :U» Kxtract of letter of July 9"" to Mr. 
Adani-i a.nd letters of July 10 & 13 to myself. 
Your last despatches to M' Jay go by the Packet 
boat which saila to morrow, as these vessels sail 
fcgnlarly the following days Feb 10 Mar 2". May 
to June 25 Ang 10 Sept 2.1 Nov 10 Dec 2.1 you 
will always Ki able to avail yourself of them 
for your despatches only taking care that they 
Fea^ch me four days l>eforehand, I commit my 
packet always to a trusty passenger, so that it 
never enters a post office. I communicated to 
Mr Adam-s the information that M' Grand re- 



fused all farther advances for your Treasury 
board till he should receive remittances from 

them. from .\merica there is nothing new or 

very interesting. The Federal Convention in 
sitting at Philadelphia, General Washington be- 
ing Presid(;nt of it. Their proceedings will not 
be made known till they rise, .so many of the 
Membere of Congress are of that body, that 
Congress could not continue its Sessions, tbey 
have therefore adjourned for some weeks. Your 
aft'airs and those of your neighbors now occupy 
all tongues & minds, whether they will producn 
a general war or not seems still undecided I 
had the honour to renew the assurancts of esteem 
& respect with which, I an* sir your most obedi- 
ent & most humble servaat 

Tk jEFPKKsoa; 

M>i I)l.MA« 

VIoMicm.LO Jan. 3. 10. 
Siu 

I am but recently returned from my joomcy 
fo the neighborhood of tive Peeks of Otter, and 
find here your favors of Nov 23 & Dec. 9. I 
have therefore to thank yi'U for your meteorol - 
ogical table and the Corre<;tion of Col" Williams'!* 
altitudes of the mountains nf Yirginia, which I 
had not before seen ; but especially for the very 
able extract on Barometrical measures the preci- 
sion of the calculations, iixid soundness of the 
principles on which they are founde<l furnish, 
I urn satisfied, a great approximation towardi 
truth, and raise that method of estimating 
hti'dits to a considerable degree of rivalship 
with the trigonometrical, the last is not without 
some sonrcesof inaccuracy. As you have truly 
stated the admesKsuremcnts of the bast; is liable 
to errors which can be rendered insensible only 
li\ such liegree-s of care as have l.«een exhibitetl 
by the mathematicians who have been employed 
in measuring degrees on tlie surface of the earth. 
The measure of the angles, by the wonderful 
perfection tn whicn the graduation of instrti- 
menlshas Iwen brought by a Bird, a Ramsden, a 
Troughton, removes nearly all distrust from that 
operation ; and we may add that the effect of 
refraction, rarely worth notice in short dLstance.s, 
admits of correction by well established laws. 
These sources of error once reduced to be insensi- 
ble, their geometrical employment is certainly 
itself, no two men can differ on a principle of 
trigonometry — not so, as to the theories of Baro- 
metrical mensuration . on these have been great 
difl'erencw of opinion, and among characters of 
just celebrity. T'r. Halley reckoned 1-10 I. of 
mcrcurv e<iual to StOf. of altitude of the atmo* 
phere : Derham thought it e<iual to s<jmething 
less than 90 f. 

Ca.ssini"s tables to 24" of the Barometer allowed 
876 toises of altitude, Mariote's to the same 



246 '■■ 



HIHTORIUAL MAGAZINE. 



1 Xoveliibcr 



644 toises Sclieucilizor's to the wime 559 ti)iscs i Oa thu sul)jcct of that aduicasui'uuieiit, I imi^t 
Nettletou's fji>)k's ai)iilieil to ;i ilifforuni^e of, I promise that my object was ouly to f^ralify a 
B975 of mi^euiy, iii a particular instance <,'ave j commou curiosity as to the lieight of tlio>e nio'.in- 
512.17 f. of altitiule, and Bouguer it De [jUc's I tains, which we deem our liigliest, and to furnish 
rules, to the same difference gave oTO.o i. S' j a pini pres, suflicieut to satisfy us in a comparison 
Isa-ic Newton liad estaijlisli<:d that at heights iniof tliem witli tlie other mountains of our own. or 
arithmetical prugre.ssion the ratio of rarity in ' of other countries. I tlierefore neirhej' pio\ ided 
the air would he geometrical ; and this lieingthe i such instmments, nor .aimed :it such oxtr;i,)rdin ivy 
i:hira(;ter of the natural iiuml)ers and tlieir I accurac}' in the measures of my liasc, a.s uliler 
JiOgarithms, ISouguer adopted the ratio in his | operators would have employed in lln' uiore im- 
inensuration of the mountains of S. America, 1 portant oljject of mc^isuring .a ilegn^e, or of as- 
nnd, stating in Preneh Ligncs the height I'lf the i OTtaining tlie relative position of ilitTeiviit places 
mercury at ditferent stations, took tlieir logarithms : for astronomical or geographical pur|)Oses. my 
to 3 plaies only, including the index, and con- ■ instrument was a theodolite l>y U imsde?!, whose 
sidcred the resulting differiMie.e as expressing that j horizontal and vertical circles were of ;!} I. radi- 
nf the altitudes in French toises, he then applied j us its graduation suhdivided by noiiiiJs<'H to IJ"'; 
corrr!<:tlons ni[ilired liy die effect of the tempera- j admitting however liy its intervals, ;i. further 
ture of the inoment on the air and mercury, his ' subdivision by the eye to a single minute, with 
process, on the whole, agrees very exactly with ! two telescopes, the <mc llxed, the other moveable, 
that ostablished in your excellent extract. In {and a Oimter's cliaiu of 1 jjoles, aceinatelj' ad- 
177ii.[ observed the height of the mercuiy at the I justed in its length, .and i;arefnlly atteiideil on 
l)iue aud summit of the nKiuntain I liveon, and, > its application to the base line, the ..Sharp, i.u- 
by.'Mettleton's tables, estim.ated the heigiit at i Southern peak was tiist measured by .a base of 
012. 1 7 f. and called it about 500 f. in tin; N'otes ] SSOO.S'i f . in the vertical plane of the avis of the 
«n .Virginia, but (calculating it sinei-, on the j mountain, a base then nearly paniUel with the 
same observations, .according to Buuguer"s method : two mountains of ii.">S!t f. w.as meisurel, .nid <ib- 
wilh De Jaic'^ improvements, the result w:is i .servations taken .at each end, of the .altitudes 
fi79.5 f. and lately I mea.-;ured the same height i and horizontal angles of imcIi apex, and such 



trigononietncally, with the aid of a b.i.se of 
IK.*! f. in a vertical plane with the .suumiit, and 
«tt)ie distance of about l.^iOO yards from the 
axis of till! mountain .and made it .')'J!1.;!5 f. I 
eotisider tliis as testing the advance of the Itaro- 



other auxiliary observations niaih^ as to the sta- 
tions, inelinaliou of the base &e .is;i good degree 
of correctness in tlio result would rcipiire. the 
ground of our basi'S was favorable, Iieing an 
open plain of close grazetl meadow, on l)oth 



metricjil process towards truth by the adoption of ] sides of the (Jtter river, declining so uniformly 
the Logaritliniic ratio of heights and densities ; : with the descent of the river as to give no other 
and continued obsi^rvatious and experiments will i trouble than an observation of its .angle of indi- 
CDutinue to advance it still more, hut the lii-st j nation, in order to reduce the base to the ])lane 
character of a common measure of things being | of thi; horizon, from the summit of the sharp 
that of invarialiilitv, I can never sup|)ose that a | peak 1 took also tlie angle of altitude of iIk; Hat 
flubstance so heterogeneous A variable a.> the at- j or Northern one above it, my other observation* 
mospheric fluid, changing daily .and hourly its j sufficing to give their distanite from one another, 
weights & dimensions to the amount sometime,s of the result wa.s, the mean height of the JSliarp peak 



on,e tenth of the \vlioh% can be applied a-s a 
(itundard of measiii-,' to anytiiing with as nuieh 



above the surface of Otter li. . . . f 2910. 5' 
of the flat peak :{lOu..'i 



mathcmati<al exacMue.ss iis a trigonometrical pro- i the ilistance between tlie two summits . O.)o7. 7:J 
cess, it is still however a resource of great value I their rhimib N. H3"^..'iO E. the distance of the • 
fol- these [)urposes, Ijicause its use is so easy, in stations of observation from the [loinLs in tin; 
comparison with the other, and especially where ' bases of the mountains vertically under tlicir • 
thegrounds are unfavorable for a base ; and its | summits was the shortest 10.002.3 f. thi^ longest 
results arc so near the truth as to ansvvi-r all the ! 21 .'i2'-' .''> f. these monntains are compuled to \h! ■ 
common purposes of inforiuation. indeed I | visible to V> counties of the State, without the 
.shpuld iu .all cases prefer tlie use of both, to I advantage of counter-elovation.s, .and to several 
warn tis against gnjss error, .and to put us, when more with that advantage. I must :idd that I • 
that is suspected, on a repetition of our [irocess. j have gone over my calculations but once, and ■ 
when lately measuring the height of the peaks of nothing is more possible than tli(! mistake of a 
Otter Cas fny letter of (Jet. i'.i.,informeil you I ' ligurc, now and then, in calculating .so many' 
was about to do) 1 very much wished for a trianglfs. which may occasion some variation in 
barometer, to try the height by that also, but it | thi; result. I mean therefore when I have lei- 
was too far and too ha/,ardous to carry my own, sure, to go again over the whole. The ridge of 
and there w.as not one in that neighborhood. ! mountains ot which Mcmiicello is one, is general- • 



J8CS. 



tilSTORlCAL MAGAZINE. 



247 



!y low. Thoro is one in it liowever, called 
Peter's mouufain, oonsiderafjly liighor than tlio 
geu'.'Ril ridge, this being within u dozen miles of 
ine North Kastwardly, Itliink, in tho springot' the 
year, to measure it I<y both processes, which niay 
nerve as another trial of th(! Logarithmic theory. 
«hoiild I do this you shall know tlio result, ih 
"the moan time accept assurances of my great re- 
npeet & esteem. 

TlI. .)H-FKllfON 

^^Addrensfdi Jlilton V:i 

Free 3 .Tany 

Tit .iKt-'KKllSON 

(!apt .\ PAianiiii.K 
Norwich 
Windsor (bounty, 
Vermont. 

Mii\iii-Ki,i.o Aug. '2. Vi. 

'J)c;*n .Stit 

Mrs Uandolpli, Klleii it myself inteude<l !>e- 
f )re this to have iiad the pleasure of seeing Mrs 
Madis^in and yourself at >Iontpelier as we nien- 

■tioned to 3fr. (!olo3; Imt three days ago Mrs. 
Randolph was taken with a fever, which has 

-confined her to her Ijed ever since, it is so mod- 

-orate that we are in the hourly hope of it? l.-av- 
ing her and, after a little tim'> to recruit her 

^strength, of carrying our purpose into execution, 
which \vc shall lose no time in doing, in the 
meantime I salute Mrs >[adison i yonr self with 

■.■unceasing affection ,t respect 

Tn. .1 KKIKIISON 
'TllK PlUisIDl'.M OK IIIK V. S. 

( AMrt-ised] 
Tn. Jefkkkson 
.Tames Mahison .lun 
to be delivered him 
at Fredericksburg. 



tlejjage's Rridge rebuilt with all possiJile K.tpc- 
dition .as tlie Haggage .Vrtillery Arc of Oen' 
Washingtoiis .\rmy ^^•ill soon be on that way, 
M' Paul Tilman has every mnteri:d thnt is requi- 
site A;, will on lliat account lie ;j good Person to 
emi)loy in tliis Business. If yon lannot by other 
mi.-ans get woiknien ifc nccessarir's you me lH;rf,l>y 
em|(owered to impress them it ynii uiiLSt jjny 
with Certilicalcs. I hope no oiii' will rcfu.se kuv 
assistance on this t)ec;i''ion it is in liis Powctr to 
give. 

Our .Vrrny is still in tlieNiiglilxmrhood of thi.s 
Place. Tlie Freiidi Fleet underCount i)e (Jr.^s8e 
is returned A is joined liy the Kliode Island 
Fleet. Threat tlious.md of the Ncrthern 'J'rooiw 
are just arrived in .lames Itiver. 
I am dear sir 

Your obedient M:rv' 
Trios NEr..so.N .)' 
[AddresM-ji\ 

"Pul)lie" 
Col W" Xki.son 

Kino Wir.T,TA.M 



,u 



E£[ires9 

[you on 0!tr.-< 

D» SiK 

I shall be glad 
evening or sooner 



iir' in'i'chrpej'r'iiii Ciijtl 'r'!ii)Oit.\ 
to see yeu at tlie Itridg thi* 

I'.M I. TlI.MAN 



->. — Thotno.s Nelton, Junior, 

Boni In Torktown, Vir»*inU, the twent.j-siitli of Decsm- 
'b«r, 1T38. Visited Knjjlanj st fifteen, ami qradnated at 
'IVinity College, Cambndi^e, witli Porteufl, Bishop of Lon- 
.<ton, aB hie tutor ; relnminir to America, in ITtil, he made 
■liiB entry in public, life, in 1774, in the Honse of Bari^efpep. 
in the Convention of the State, and in the Continental 
<'ongreB8 of 75, three olmottt 8imaIt.aneoue evidences of 
popular esteem. At the enrae time lie rained a re;Tinieni 
of Militia. Succeeding .Tefler.ion ae Governor of Vir^jinia, 
he coDiraanded the Vir;^inia Militia at the Fiei?c of York- 
town, and ordered his own mansion, then occnpied by the 
.enemy. ti» bo bombarded. He had the pleasure of wltnees- 
tn^ the Hiirrender of Cornwallin, fhecro wnini; event of the 
War. When the once rich lands amidst whicti Yorktown 
was eituatod, were worn out by exhaustive cultivation, the 
town, so important in history, sank into decay, with only 
the Nelson House and the Moore Honse. where the txirms 
of surrender were arranged remainiui^. In the recent VPar, 
the dilapidation was further increased. Governor Nelson 
died, on the fourth of .Januarv. 17S9, a^ed tifty years. 
""fhe vicinity of hi-^ home was twice memorable in Ameri- 
.«.sn history. 

W--siitnto Sept 10-" \',M 

Hk.mi Sir 

T must request tho Favour of you toli.ivc I.it- 



Colo Xkxso.v. 

\Kroiii Mrs. ('.ilj^nel yelwii vii inn'iilf or hiii r.\ 

Sir 

Colo Nelson is too ill to me(:ty4)u tit the bridge 
or even to write to you, he therefore dc^irtis of 
me to refer you to tlie letter on whicli this note 
is wrote, therein you will iindthaf the flovcmour 
has empowered him to emjiloy you for the pur- 
pose of rcbuililing little-Pages liridge, ii< it is 
not probable he will come out of his hfjitfe 
shortly he autliorizes yen to net witli the siime 
full powers that the Governoiir in his letter lias 
vested in him, C'ol Nelson will send two or 
three cari)cnters early tomorrow morning, «V; he 
desires me to lieg of you 1o procure as many 
hands and teams as will be nei^efsaiv to finisli it 
with the utmost expedition, Colo Nelson sends 
a letter to tho ("iovernour k. Ijegs you will foriv:ird 
it by tlie return of the exprciis. 

I am sir, vour Hunib S(^rvnnt 



September tli '.'O 
Horn fjuarter 
('apt Titir.-MAN 



.\n.s' Nr.i.soN 



1783 



Oki-t.ev Fcby : 

\)V,\K Silt 

When the French Troops under the 
of thi' Maniuis St. Simon arrived here, 
quis r. Fayette m.ade a refiuisition for a number 
of Horses to mount the French ofHeers As their 



(«uinii,ud 
the Mar- 



248 



H18T0KICAL MAGAZINE. 



[Novembav 



stay \Ta.s to f>« tmc sfwrt it. w.'ts thought more 
tlit^if'le lo tKiiTow }Ior»ja of the Geutlemeii thro 
tho County tfum to impress. Among others I 
]8rit tour, two of which were never returned, but 
wert! taken either hy the olTiccrs or Corps of 
Cavalry after tlKi Si«:;u of York. Tlie then Ex- 
ecutive engagC(J if the IIor»w were not returned 
that they should hxj paid for whieh circumstance 
M' }I;irdy probably remembers. I observe that 
M' Yonii!' the Q M O for the State advertises a 
iiumlj<"r of Hors<s to be sold r}ext Friday, two of 
which I siiould be glad to take in iitu of mine 
if yourself and tlw; Council think [jrojicr 

The valuation of my ITorstjs with uiy alHdavit 
an;wse<l of never having received the two Iforscs 
in *nclcitied. I Rhall !k' oblij^etl lo yC'U for an 
^OGVTtr by the return of Ihi .servant Ik;iuiusc of 
smdiuy; a pcrsfin down on Fridav 
laraD'Sir' 

Your obed' ser> " 

Thos Xnt-sox J' 
To thf; G'jvonior of Viri;inii 



•''. - -Oi-ujiirrda JTitrrison, 

Born io Berkley, Vlryinis, bnt at what periCKl in not now 
toown. IliB snCK-tors were In Virginia as carlv as 1C40, tho 
year ot' th« breaking? uat of th« Eap;ll«li lievdliitiun which 
■-•oei ChorlcH I. bin crown, lie was a eludcnt at, hnt not a 
rra-laati! o!', Wiliiam and Mary's CoUe^i:, and in t'uc Ilonse 
ef liarptntsen in IJtM. Ho wae SpnakiT nl the AHscmhly, 
ana liei-Lincd h seal in the Connr.il of Ihc IJuval Ciovcraor. 
A delinrati! to thfl Continental Conj^ef s o;' nii, and signed 
the D^'Isration, la UTH; was elected Governor oC Virginia, 
lallSi: and al^riiffrvlng two term*, ho retired to prirate 
life, wfllch woold w'eta not to have Ix^u free from pecnni- 
Jirf ^^nharrai^^nK^Dti^, ile waa snheeqneutlv Hpeaker ol 
Tbo Honea of Bnr«'-s.^7>, and died la April, 17ul. nif son, 
s-^ wae the rase vith itoss, Itead, and many ijIIkts of the 
JJIt'Oers bcariuj th-; fame name, adopted the signature ot 
nht father, which re<Tnlre» cars In forming eolkctions. 
When the Union anny oceaplad Berkley, iu the lal^e Mar, 
iJmi sarret was tilled with his papers, and hein" cleared tor 
■OSS as a hofpitsl, they waro piled ootalde and Iramcd by a 
TMidal Ignorant of their Interest. 

j.fi Ilii Exi-sV.i.Hi-Aj Bimp.tidii ILiri-lsL-u Esiir 

OoJ^TTFuyf of the C&ihnuniteaUh of Yirgiuia 

K I'Ti'Xt.^MATION 

WUK' iJAS j;Teat ntiinbora of Britiih prisoners 
of War are disperse-i throughout the Htsic ro\'- 
wg at largo without LJcenso to the "^^rt'at predju- 
dj^j and annoyance of the Citizens and Injur\"to 
the C^onioKjnwealth / do iJr^rfore l^y and with 
tho advico of the Council of State /ic'-d>v ririvthj 
i'k.»]yt and ojnimand all Ofliccrs Civil and Mili- 
tary t<_) make dilicjeiit ftearcli in their res|xctlvc 
(Ajuntie.* for all prisonera of war going at large 
withont proper Liwusea and if any ^uch be 
found tiiat. they inmiediat^ly secure and convey 
them to thu Coruu»anding Ofllcer of the Militia 
of th.! C:ounty in which they shall be so found. 
Aud I do hereby further cliarge the said Com- 
ipanding Officer tliafc he take effectual measure, 
for the safe keeping all such prisoners ot War, 
and that he al«) convey them as pooh as it can 



conveniently be done, under a proper Guard t<i 
Fredeiicksburg or AVinchester, taking receipt for 
said prisoueib from the Commanding ofliccr of 
the Guard, and transmitting a copy thereof to 
the Commif-sioner of the War Office 

(ihtri under my hand & the seal ol the Com- 
monwealth in the Council Chamber at RichmontI 
this 20'' Day of December in the year of our 
Iiord 1781, & sixth of the Commonwealth 

Ren.i Hakkiso-v. 

L S 



\KniUifseil\. I'roclamatiou 
' for apprehending 

i French A Hritish 

Deserters 
; Dec 20 1781. 

1T8'J. 51 John Graves i)r 
To r.'ai-} bash' AVheut 

delivered toorder 4- £ tG.7.— 
To less of me:i£ure f)y 

keeping 20 bnsh Do 4.0.0. 



Bv acet Kendered" 
.£6.!.5i.(K 



Hal dueM' (trave.s 



no. 7.0 
i;j.5.i> 



£ ti:;.iij.6 

Ueceived the balance Errors excepted 

J Graves Bex.j HAl!UI90^^ 

Bkkki.f.v Mar 2' 1789. 

The abeive is your acct and M' Dal/ells, liis i.v 
balanced, and there is due to \ou .tUI.O.fi. 
which makes rae extremely unhappy, the fulf 
(juantit}' of wheat was reserved, and clean'd out 
early in Sept- in expectation of its being sent for, 
but that not being done, it was again cleau'd & 
measured in ]>ec when it was reduced to .'")4(V 
bushels ; every care in my power was taken to 
prevent it being stolen or dratroy'd by rats, but^ 
some of my negroe's are such adepts at j)ickiiig 
locks and we abound so with rats, that the quan- 
tity was reduced as above except .'">.") bushels.. 
which were ordered by Mrs Harrison to be dt;- 
livcred to another person when I w.os from home, 
she supposing that so much was reserved for him. 
I hoi>e my good Sir, you will excuse me on 
these several accounts for falling short of the 
quantity, I really could do no more than I did to. 
comply with my contract. The l)al' .shall be 
paid you as soon as possible with interest. I re- 
turn jou M' Gait's order, if he would havr 
favored me with an answer to my letter writtetj 
to him in Sep' informing me that he would take 
tho wheat he might have had it, but I knew 
nothing of his intentions till I saw tlie order 
when you see it was not in my power to comply 
with it, wheat was reserved for him last year Ut- 



ISOtf., 



oJUKICAL MAGAZINK 



24» 



pay tlio dc'lits and the whole quantity except 24 

hnsUeK lost to lue 

I HID 

Vour m(«t ub' s.i'rv' 

Ken-t Hai;j;jsi)N 



ff. — Frane'ii TAijhtfoot Let, 

Bom iu \V<v?tn30relan(l-connty, Virginia, tiie fourteenth 
i4 October, 173*. He was careVnlly educated, under the 
ItCTCroTid Doctor Crali^, a Hcottiah Clergyman ; aiwl. like 
bi« ferotber, Klrbard Henry, wa^ an early and conBlstent 
•jiatriof. In KW, h« was elf ct^d to the Hoasp of BnrgepseR, 
aod contLnnrd to ntt nntll 1772, when he married and re- 
niOTi'd from liLs ronptltuency to Richmond^ which he Beemp 
in have rejtreflented in the pame Honae until elected to Con- 
jjrepa in 1770; and after serving with fidelity nntll 1779, he 
r«3i^(M3, and retornod to hia home. Hia letter? are very 
rare", and It Is to be inferred that hia brottier waa the cor- 
eesitondout. i>f the family, and Francla in moments of lei^ 
nr« more devoted to his ea«e than to letter writing. He 
•lied in April, 1797, a^ed Hixty-thre« year?. 

I'HH.ADF.r.T-HIX Sc[)t 4"' 177T 
Mv OKA II C'dI, 

M' Jacl<.Kin will iWivtr you m Letter whieh I 
■\\Tott; foruf tiimr ajroe \<y M" Crump, who was 
Ktn|>e(l at KIk !)y M' rowe. I hope it will arrive 
time enough lor your sugar making business. I 
could have proctired the Sickles at 10s & 12s a 
piece but tiie impo'vjibility of conveying anything 
from hence to Virginia at present will (>blif:;e me 
Xi'i hold my Itand till I hear further from yon. 
lien' Howe is now within forty miles of us with 
his wlioU: force : yet we arc in good spirits hav- 
ing our Ocn' it a spirited army to oppose him. 
IJy the papers sent to (,"ol Tayloe (which I know 
you will have the lx>neflt of) you will .sec that we 
have little to apprehend from the valorous and 
most puissant Hurgoync, we fear lie will make 
his retreat good. If Howe should be obliged 
<o betake himself to his ships we hope the S'ir- 
ginia Militia will prevent his pillaging the Coun- 
try on his ivtiirn. (.)ur liest respects to Sabine 
Hall 

I am Dear Col 

Yotir aflectionatc friend & hbleServ' 

Fbasck Liqhtpoot Lke. 
1 ,' Miixsiril ] 

T(. 

Col T-\MX)M Caktf.h 
Sabine Hall 
favor'd by Virginia 

M' Jackson. 

"P I;I<)HTrX)OT I,KK Eqr 

Sep' -1' 1777, No News" 



7. — Carter Broixton, 

Kom at Ncwinf^n, Kln<js and QneeBS-connty, Nlrginia, 
tho tejith of jM'ptomber, 17;i*i, wafl educated at William and 
Mary's CoUefte, and Boon after visited Kngland. On hia 
return, althonsh married to the daughter of the King's 
Keeelter General of Oa^itonia, and well with the vice rotfaJ 



Court of the Province, he early toot groiuid against ita ex- 
actions. Aa a member of the Houee of Bnrge«9e«, In 1765, 
he sustained the action of Patrick Benr^ agaiuBt the 
Htamp Act, A-1 & member of the Convention of 1769, h» 
was one ot the eighty-nine members who voted for a con- 
vention of the people at Williams burgh, which meeting 
aelected him at) a delegate in Congress. As the sncceaaor 
of Peyton Randolph, he sat in the Congress of 1775. The 
letters which we extract are principally conneeted with hii# 
litigation with Robert IHorris ; and nave no inrther int^-rest 
than as comtnemorating. an unfortunate coUlsIou between 
brother signers. He diM the tenth of October, 1797. 

RrcHMOND .June 1 1 178S 
Gknti.kmivn 

M' Morris in his letter of May 21*' ha.4 com 
plained that my answef to his cross Bill in Court 
wa? not filed within the last term so as to make 
your decision obligatory A- therefore prays your 
award to bo witheld until Aug Term. But iu 
this M' Jforris will tind himself deceived. M' 
Ronald my counsel has long since regnlarly and 
legall\' as he says filed my answer in Court 
agre.eable to iny engagement. TliLs then will re- 
move the cause of your holding np that award 
from which alone justice is to be done to my long 
ifc unmerited suffering it which will evince to Mr 
Morris the part he ought to have acted some 
years ago it thereby relieved uiv from the dis- 
tre.'is lie has so much contributed to. To th« 
above you will permit me to subjoin the contin 
uation of my account current with Willing 
Morris &• Com'ii- with Robert Morris lyiq' formed 
on the articles mentioned in my postscript of the, 
8" of May with the vouchers also, A copy for 
M' Morris. This is sent to enable him to tiniali 
his reply to my continuation of .Vcc' Current 
that I may take it up immediately it put an en<l 
to all further argument on the subject, if in thi.* 
reply M' Morris is not tedious. I hope every 
paper will be delivered you in a few dav-s. But 
as we have both offered extracts from our corre.s- 
pondenc*;' to su|)port our assertions it as your 
opinions will be in some measure founded on 
them I suppose it will in the meantime be proper 
for each of us to see the others extracts, copie.* 
having been furnished by neither 

I am your hum ser' 

Cabtek Re,.\.\i(i.N 

iVi.KtANDKU M0Mt*OMKTiY Esqr 

M' Braxtons respectful comp' waiLs on the 
Gentlemen Auditors He haa now sent the two 
Ledgers A it C required. Tliey are the books 
of C B alone. But as it is probable th<^: boolc* 
of W M r. & M B are those wanted Mr Braxton 
havS sent them also with their sundry .Journals 

The acct of Jack Power M' B thought had 
been copied it filed among the Papers. It i.< 
now drawn off from a rough copy .-ent C B by 
M' Power in 1783 with a copy of Col' Claytona 
nceipt for money M' Power expended of M'' 
Claytons it which C B agreed to pay to M' 
Clavton, M' Power has still further demand* 



ijr-o 



II I S r o H I C A L MAGAZINE. 



! November, 



jiffainst. B fur wliat lie calls reasonable cxponses 
wliidi will lif soon are uieiitioned in i' B's instruc- 
tions, Til siitisfy these it M' Powers otlier 
<:]ainis for his services under that promise he has 
actually attachi'd an estate ( ' 15 has in S.uLland 
Jk will not leliuquish until tlu: whoh is paid, 
M' B will infi'mi AI' Richirdsof his jinendanee 
Ixini; re(piire(l tomorrow at 10 o clock 

.Monday niKni 
Af.hN" Mo.\i-iiii.\fKi:v i;si(' S'^pt Isl 17«^. 



XI. - Noijiii Cmiomna. 

lti.tli;c<(ti')H of thf (J'iiir(.ittl'):i. 

The Association entered into by the <ienerul 
< Congress at Philadelphia on the Tweuiieth day 
<'f October in th(j year of our Lord one thousand 
acven hundnxl anil scvi;nty l<iur and signed by 
the Meniliors thereof was pres<inti;d to this (ou- 
vention by CIolo Ifiehard Caswell and on Motion 
was ()rderi;d to be n^ad, and it was accnrdingly 
read. 

Ui'Milvod that this ('oiuenlion do hi;,'hiy ap- 
jiroveof the Slid .Association and do for theni- 
*ilves tirnily a;.^ree to adlicre to the Saitl .\ssoci- 
ation anil to recoinend it to their Constituents 
that they likewise adhen; firndy to the same. In 
full appiobationand'J'estiniony Whereof thi-Mem- 
liers of this Convention subscribe their names. ■' 



I Froe" CAMPBEI..T. 

1 \i CAswEi.r, 

TUOMAS PlJHS'lV 

Tjios Hk-ks 
•Mtti. I'cnri 
\ M Hunt 

; WlLTJE JOXKS 

, B M'- ( ;i;m.O(:k 

Xi(iior-As LoN<; 

WM noi>f>t:r 

•loH.v Ash 
^ .\-l,f,h;N Joxijs 

■Ili'u Atiibutdn 

Tiios BiUKi; 
1 F >iAMri 
! K Stakkky 
; IIknky Rhodks 

': W" CjIAT 

; .XsiiRlow Knox 

Isaac GuEiiouv 
i .bisEPu Jones 
; Jonv HEAunrNO 
; OmFFixn KrTHEUKORi* 

W" Shaui'e 

i .lEIJEMtAH FlUSRR 

; John Hinton 
• A Nash 
. .Tames Davis 
'■ .losi.ph Hf.wtf 



Jacob Blouni- 
U CooD?;i,i. 
Joseph LEKtai 
W* BItv.^^ 
CouNS Hajim vn 
Wm Biiow.N 
John Simpsox 
Kdwaui) Sai.tek 
James (Soriiam 
Ja.hes Lanieu 
John Webii 
Geo Wt.n'ne 
Ale.'w Mautix 
David Standi.h.v 
Green Hn,i, 
KonT HowR 



W" TiroMsoN 
Hoi,r>Mo.s 8nKPAiiij 
J!am Jauvis 
Hoi." Peukins 
Nathan- Pov.nei; 
Ham Johnston 
Tho"" Oi.dham 
Tho Jones 
Thos Uh;Nia;i;v 
'I'hos Hcnti:k 
Tno RuTHKiiKOUi) 



John Hmivev 
KoOKii Ormomi 
Thos Bespes Ji- 

WiELIASI SaI.PI 1 

James Whii-k 
W" Person 
Thomas Eato.v 
Jn" Campbei,!. 
John Johnston 
Jami;s Coon 
LEMnEi, Ha nui 



* In reference to tills paper, Hon. John H. Wheeler, (the 
IliBtorian o£ North Carolina,) writes to its present poascsHor : 
■"The value nl" the paper consists that, there is no other 
" origiusl.'' * • * I think there are names more illnstrious 
*' on it, than tho.«*e soitj^ht bv yon," (t. f. the three North 
Carolina si;;iiers which are ail appenrteil.'' " John Uarvev, 
" the first name, was the Moderator o£ the Convention; fie 
•** was callerl by Josiah Quincy, the Samael Adams ot the 
*' Sonth. Jtirhard ("aswell was the first Governor ol' North 
" Carolina, under the State Constitution, adopted Decem- 
•* ber, 1TT6. .John Ashe was a (ieneral in the Continental 
'* Army — Briar Creek— ancestor ot a Iary;e and distin^rui.sh- 
^' ed family. Thomas hurke, a native of Ireland, and a 
'* man of hitters; Governor of North Carolina, taken pris- 
•*• oner by Fannin-.^ and carried to Charleston, South Caro- 
" Ihia. Grifllth Itutherford, General in the Continental 
*' Army— Counties in North Carolina and Tennessee named 
" after him. Cornelius Uamett (M O.C) was first and fore- 
■" most in the cause of independence. The last named, 
" Ilobcrt Howe, was a General in the Continental Army, 
*' and distinL;uislicd." North Carolina must have selected 
lier edncftied men for Uepresenratives, lor the sixty-seven 
Hij^atures to this paper, althonj^h varytnt; greatly, are 
with scarcely an exception, fine ones : and i^enerallv exhlb- 
it^nj? ft sk'IU'ul and practiced writer. 



Borri in H<;>ston, Massachusetts, theflevcnteeieb of June, 
1742, graduated at Harvard, in 17C0, and read law with 
James Otis. Seven years later, he settled ill North Carolina, 
and soon stood at the head of lier bar. In 1770, he,wftp 
elected to the Provincial Assembly: and, in 174^, .was sent 
as the proto-carpet-bai^t^cr to the Continental Coni.n"es-s, in 
which he also served in the Sessions of 177&-6, and fti!;rned 
the Declaration. Durinc: the War, he was very olmoxlori* 
to the British, who sought to annoy his family and destroy 
his property. After the Revolution ho continued In prac- 
tice. In 17S8, he served as a Jnd^e of the Court est«bllahe<l 
to adjudicate between New York and Massachusetts, and 
died In October, 1790, a^ed forty-eight years. 

Sampson Hai.i. July )T I7SI 
Dear Goveijnoiii 

I came here the day after I left you and found 
i tho liouse crouded with refugees & iirisouers 
I whom major Craig in purstiance of the Carti^l liiul 

suffered to leave Wilmington, Amongst the rest 
I were M' Thomas Madaiue brother to our friend: 
j &, W .lohn lluske who will hand you this, the 
j only two of all tlie inhabitants of Wilmington 

who have refused to sign a petition to be ailmit- 
jted to a dejieudance upon Great Britain. 'I'hiK 
I petition was set on foot soon after the British 
! landed in AVilmington and all the powers of per- 
j snasiod, insult and menace exercised to iiuhu-e 
j these two gentlenn^n to a compliance, lint theii- 
I virtue was superiour to all, and they have the con- 
: scions satisfaction of retaining their freedom A 

independance. 'rhosi- are (•hara<'ter<- thai deserve 



11808.] 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



•.'.">t 



fllic'iidtice of tlioir country & 3Uoli, my dear Sir, 
lis you will honor with your approbotioii as a! 
iiii»n & u-i ;i Uov<-riu)ur. 

^^' ITu'ike who is the Ijaaior of this is tli-' younji ! 
)^i;ntlt;ui:ni wliorii I ineiitioned to you a8 very well | 
-<Hi;ilitleiI lo till the department of a Secretary. : 
\VbM I apprelvndcd would happen li;w taken ; 
place, he has liccn <onii)elled to abandon his prop- : 
■ orty in AVilinington vt all his expectations from 
trade ; iV is now turned out an exile to begin the | 
world attain. I have known this gentleman with { 
41ie Uhist unreserved intimacy, for several j'ears, he j 
lias l«.'en in my Imusc! a great part of the time it 1 ' 
pledire myself to your Excellency that he is a 
HJcntleman of the roost rctincd honor vfc unspotted 1 
inte!<rity . ^^mi will find that lie has a good i;apac- j 
ity & tliat he li;i.-^ improved it by the study of men | 
and books A in proportion to his years has made i 
great protieiency. Indiied, my dear Sir, I think i 
him the most promising youth in the Country, it [ 
.iw sui-h I beg leave to recommend him to your 
patronage and friendship. Hie having been in 
Karope & the West Indies has given him a lilxT- 
a! mode of thinking oorrespondeut to your now 
■<fc which I know ycru highly approve. He sol j 
lieits some genteel employment that may support | 
him it keep his mind employed. Should the | 
Ooiineil apj)oint a Sicrotary in the room of Glas- | 
^I'.iw a Secretary to the Council or a private Sec- 1 
retary or unite b.)th these officers I know no one j 
who \iiuild discharge the trust with more reputa- 
tion -I iiiu-^r add as ((ualitieations that will bo 
vi^ry usel'id that he writes a tine hand knows ae- 
4> eints & reads Frcneli. In a word D' fJovernour, 
he, is my friend & I have the vanity that even im 
this score h,; will claim a merit with you. A 
Doetoi' Ingraham is here from Cross Cn-ek who 
informs us thai a Militia Capt just from Geor- 
gia it a Colonel Murphy fromthe Southward of! 
this Sfatc bring accounts that Clarion has : 
wrote !h:ii the Ueinforcement arrived at Ch'stown 1 
is very inconsiderable not more than :i()0, that the ! 
Il'jet was chiefly loaded with families intending 
to settle in South Carolina with their furniture & 
Implements of husbandry — merchants goods &c. 
The Militia Cap- affirms that both Savannah it 
Sti arc evacuated. Mr. Huske will give you the 
most perfect intelligence of -tlio situation of af- 
fairs in this ((uarter, & will hand you a few news- 
papi'rs containing very little information but 
which shew the iUib(>rality of a Garrison pn.'ss & 
the disingenuous artifices of the British to give 
pojiularitj' to their measures & draw contempt 
iipcm ours. 

I liav<i sent my sou who is amougst the Fefugces 
1 1 -Mr. Hogg's lie will bo much honored if you 
will condesendto notice him. 

Armstrong left this yesterday on i>is way 
1(1 Wilmington with a flag. I set off for New- 



bern tomorrow when I hear that (!olon<;l Clark 
has arrived : there Armstrong is to mei't me with 
the result of his Mission. I will estiwm it a par- 
ticular favor if you will now iV then devote a 
leisure moment to give mc a line. With the 
mostsiu'iere wishes that tlie success of yonr ad- 
ministration may be equal to your virtues it abil- 

iticJ 

I b.'i; leave t" subscrilje myself 
Dear Sir 
Yonr Kxcellency's siuCL're I'lieud 
it Oliedt llumb' Svt 

Wtr.r, IloorKK 
I'.trdon till! blots this scrawl 
carries with it, the Ink has 
been blown upon it it I have 
ncft paper ti) c.o'py this or write 
another upon 

Private 
II r. Jlooper 
.luly i:-'' 1781 
re(r' Aug" 



f . — Joseph llevom, 

horn In Kiiit'cioi). Xew -Jeracy, in nso, or a (Jii»k«r fatui- 
ty. .Mter ptniivint; «t, Princeton, anil piirsniiig ioninieroi»l 
bueinead in Pliilaiielplii*, »t the age o£ ttiirly, lie settlfd at 
Edenton, North Carolina, »nd w»« very snct'fSBful in lin-i- 
nesB. In 1763, lie serveil in the I.e^ifllatore, and continneil 
a member lor seTcral years. Ue toot an active part ir> 
i-.sllinc; a Convention ol llie Colony to Bend rcprefenUtivm 
to the Contjreas ; and, although like Hooper, a cirpet-t)8ir- 
g.T, nerved an a dele>;aie in those ol n74-.'.-«; and ssjsin, in 
that of 17i», surriTini; the last election bat a few months, 
and dyiui- on the (ciitU of November, in that, year, and in 
the flttict.h of liie »i,'e, and was buried in <;iiri«t Cli nn-li 
Philadcdphia 



I'im.Aiw.l.TiiiA 10'' -ruly 177; 



Dl.Al! .\ M I 



ney hitherto has not be-ai of any servii-i- to me my 
Hhcumetism hangs upon \w. it for ,10 1 louts past I 
have been perseijuted with a constant lax whicli 
weakened me greatly. 1 have sold one hal f of 
till! Patty as also the whrile of the Fanny an you 
will see by an additional ace", with Mr Morri-* 
enclosed to M' Smith, that :icc'. must be entered 
on our IJooks & the Bala, struck vt curried to a 
new account before any other entries are made 
against Mr. Morris, you must endeavor lo sell the 
Lottery 'rickets if pos-sii.ilo ami be. can-lull that 
no mistake is maile in the money. I jiurpose 
leavinir this City to morrow if I am M-ell enough 
to ride it proceed on slowly towards lUistoii, 
if I do not mend on this Journey I shall li.ave a 
very disagreeable time of it and i)ei'liai)s with 
myself out of this world. Your Father blether 
and Sisters are all well. Creneral Howe and \\\% 
whole army left new .lersey they are now embark- 
ing on board Transports but where bound is a 
matter of conjecture some think they are com- 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE 



[Wovember, 



ming up the Delaware, others that t-hey are go- 
ing u|i North River in order to meet Burgoyne at 
alhany, others think they will go up the fJast Uiver 
and inaku a descent on som« purt of Connecticut 
or Wiodi; Island State on the main, u few days 
will unriddle this great nilstery. they left Somer- 
set Com t House (where they lutd marched from 
Brunswick) with great precipitation so much «o 
■ihat they left lK>hind them many of tdeir I'otts 
(wiling, and Kome ortiuern left their swords 
wateli'es &*; every thing h^ most extravagantly 
liear at this place, you have the prices of somo 
things IkIow by whicli Judge of all others, my 
Compliiucnts to the Ladies 

I nm Dear Natt 

yours sincerely 

.TOSBI'H riKWK!* 

Ijoaf Sugar 10 K p'' 

brown do £ i) — P C 

Jlum4."i s pOall to 00 s 

molasses 20 s 

Coffee 8 s 

Nankeens such as we sold fur 50 s. !)0 » 

IJyson Tea ISO s 

Shoes !!0 s to 35 s 

Oermantown eol'd Iiohc lomiely 8 to !) » now 30 to 

*0 % 



- S. — John I'etin, 

Horn fn Caroline-coanty, Virginia, the wveutt^Dth oi' 
May. 1741. Although his opportunities for eduoatloo were 
rai»ll until ha attainpd the ageoC eisrhteeu, when Edward 
l'endJ*^tou aided him, and gave him the uee of hi* library, 
he made each good use of hU time, aB to he admitted to the 
tAr when twenty-one years of a^e : and with the tAl«nt and 
eioquenue which accompanied hi« facility In ntudy, bo soon 
^Xlk a dIfiUngutihcd iKWition. He moTiid to North Caroli- 
r.a Id 1774, and was eleetod to ConiJ:resa in 1775, and served 
*or three yeare ae an iDfiaeotlal member. In 1780, he was 
entrneted with the .'octroi of the Militia In defending his 
State from British Invasion, and a<:quilted hlm«U with 
'.-redit. He was out of pablw lite in 1787, and died in Sep- 
tember of the lurceedldg year. It l« a tingslar fact that 
neither of the Sixers from North CaroHua were natiTes 
of the State, although she pave to the nation such able 
reprosontailves s« Caewell. Hamfftt, Xa«h, Ilntherlord, 
•^enr:^. etc., in tiwre ih«n ordinary prolusion. 

lIii,i.sR.fi» s<!pi' 11 *■ vm", 

StK 

lncJo«cd ,Hre two letters one I opened not 
knowing wliiit might be lontained in it. The 
other I was informed contained a Cojiiplaint 
Against an officer near Cross creek. I am in a 
way to get the Kegular T>oops shwl tho' not as 
fixpcditionsly as 1 could wish. 

General Butler has niarchevl with his Brig-ade 
trdm this place. From the last areoonts we reed 
the enemy have only 400 men or thereabouts at 
tho AViucaws collecting of wlieat. General Gates 
19 of the opinion that Ix)rd ComwalUs intends to 
return to C'harle.s Town, tho' I suspect that move- 
ment will depend on our exertions. 

Do Sir contrive some way to procure the Board 



of War money, it is difficult indeed to movs 
without oyling the wheels, a thousand little 
things turn up, trifles in themselvtss, yet necessary, 
which require money. My comylirocnts to Mr» 
Nash 

I am Dear Sir 

Your ob' Serv* 

.1. Pkww 
His ExceU' 

Govs Na^h 

His Excellency 
AjiSER Nask Esqr. 

Governor of the State of 
.1. l'(,uin North Carolni* 



XII.-— SotTH Cakolina. 

1. — Edward, RutUdge, 

Bom in Chariejton, South Carolina, In November tI4*, 
After receiving a ^ood home ednration he went abroad, 
and became a student at the Inner Temple. He returned; 
to home, in 177'J and in 1779, commenced the practice of th^ 
law. At the age of twenty-five, he waa elected to the Con- 
gress of 1774, and served aU>o in those 1775-6, He serve* 
withJoha AdanM, and K H. Lee, in s rommltteo whicl> 
prefered a prefatory recomendatlon of ConKrcM, to the 
Colonies to form permant ^governments, and was ha 1776 aa- 
sociated with Franklin, and Adama aa a ccmmLsaioner to 
meet Lord Howe, at Staten Island. Mr, Kutlodge aia* 
served In the army in 177* and 17S0, commanding a corpa 
of artillery. He was a Senator In Congrcs-i ; and In 179«J, 
Governor of i*onth Carolina, dying on lie twenty-third or 
.Tanuary, ISW). 

Silt 

Yuu will be pleaded to till uji a CommLs- 
?ion for .Johu White E-tqnire us Second Lieu 
tenant in the Charleston Battalton of jlrtillery, 
to bear date the 4" December 1796— Providetl 
his Plxcollency the Governor shall have left any 
blank Commisaiorw for that parpo«:; 

I am rtspcctf uUy your 
most obixi' serv' 

Ku. RUTLKDOK 

Major Com' 
C. T.K. A. 
■Tiuiy S'" ITSr 
\ AddreMfd. r^ 

.1. Kavericli. Esqke 
Secretary of the Statft of 
S" Carolina 



.■?. — Thotrnn Htyuard, Jvnwr, 

Bom at 8t. Luke's Pariah, South Carolina, in 174«. Hfl 
waa liberally educated, and, like John Laarena, Thomaa 
Lyncii, Junior, and others of the iona of wealthy planters, 
completed his studies in Sngland, which he vv^tted in 1766. 
In 1776, he was elected to the Continental Congress, and left 
it in 1778, to assume the position of Jud^e of the Criminal 
and Civil Courts, but spared time from his duties on thn 
bench to perform those of a foidier ; and in a skirmisk 
at Beaufort, in I'se, received a wound, the marks of whiek 
he carried to hia grave. After the capture of Charleston^ 
he waa tAkcn prisoner by Sir Henry Clinton, and exiled for 



18G9. 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE 



3^; 




a year at St. Aa^Btine, Florida. He died In March, 1809, 
at the Hse of tixty-three. Hie slgnatnre Is foasd on the 
Bills of 8onth Carolina, and opcasionally on lecal docu- 
mente ; bnt letters are excessively rare, 

B<irTH CAjtOLrNA. Tub State of f>ocrn Cau- 
oijKA. To all and singu- 
lar the Sheriffs of the said 
.State, Greeting : You, 
und each of you, are here- 
by comtnanded, without 
Delay, to attach the Body 
of Joseph .lohn-ston where- 
soever he may be found, 
within your and each of 
yonr respective Districts, so 
that you compel him to be 
and appear before the Jus- 
tices of the said State, at 
the Court of Common Pleas, 
to be holden at Charleston, 
on the second Tuesday in 
December next, to answer 
to William I>aj'ton of a 
Plea wherefore with force 
and arms and so forth at 
the tSty of Charleston in 
Charlestown district the 
said Joseph on hini the 

T'HO" HBirwAJiD Jon said William did make an 
UGSaolt and him the said 
William did there beat 
wound imprison and 111 
treat and him then in pris- 
on without any rea.sonable 
Cause and against the Laws 
iind CiLStonis of the State 
"f South Carolina for a 
long time detained where- 
by the said William ex- 
pended and laid out and 
was obliged and compelled 
to exi>end and lay out sev- 
eral large sums of money 
for his deliveraiic« from 
the imprisonment aforesaid 
:ind other outrages commits 
f>d on him to the damage 
of the said William Five 
hundred pounds lawful 
i-terling money of the State 
of .South Carolina and 
against the peace of the 
said State. And have you 
then and there this Writ. 

Witness the Honorable 
Thomas Heyward Jun 
Esqr one of the Associate 
Justices of the Baid State at 
Charleston, the twenty sev- 
enth Day of OctoUfr in 
the Year of on,r Lon\ One 



Thousand Seven Hundred 
.intl Eighty-si.x itnd in tlx- 
Klev«nth Year of the Sov- 
ereignty and Independence 
of 'the United States of 
-America. 

■^' Jacob llnxu 
Attorney for the PiniutiiT 

Aiso a Colonial note for one hnndreil [roiuuli 
Currency, dated 10' April 1774, signed. 



•*/. — jf 'AwiMJt Lynch, Jniilur, 

Born IB Sonth Carolina, the flftk of August, 1749. Ax 
thlrte«-B years ot a^e, he waa sent to Bnglaud, where at 
the celebrated Bton school, and at Cambridge, ho wae edu- 
cated. On learis^ colle .'«, he read law, Lii the Xnne ot tlfte 
Temple, LdBdon. la ITTS, he returned to South Carolina, 
to practloe law, Ix^in^ dest-ribod by hlB prand-ne{>hew. 
General UamJlt^Mi, as ** a finished genUeman, a thln^' very 
rare in this coaulry at that period and since." t In ITTB, be 
addru'Hed tlie people ot Charleston on their grievances, 
and ralHed a Company in Colonel Christopher Oadden"? 
Regiment, refufiinp a higher commission, on tho plea ol nn- 
flln<ii>s, Charles ijoataworth Pinckney being his caplaloi 
and eo won the popular es^teem as to l>e sent to Cougress to 
succeed his tatner, whoaa health had failed, and »rao died 
in hie arms at Annapolis. Leaving Congress to serve lu tJje 
Army, hia health failing he relumed to CTiarleston ; and 
with his wile, EiBabfcth !<hubrick, sailed for France by way 
of the West Indies in 1T7», soon after the date of the ac- 
companying relic, bnl the vessel was lost at sea. His pa- 
pera were burned in the destruction of General Hamilton's 
bouse, many years ago; and his writings are eicesBivelv 
rare, being, with the exception of Bevereud Doctor Hprague'a 
letter, signatures cut from books in the hands of his fam- 
ily, and a few others In the Apprenilces' Library (tince 
burned) : and even these have been largely counterfeited. 
It would be dej*irable for collectors of the sisters to Jld 
secure their Lynch and Gwinnett. 

TEIS lyVENTUIiK maA^- \.h<\Uyt:\v\h uf diiy 
March in the ye.ir "f our Loirl Om- Thnu^aiid 
Seven lluudnHl and Seventy Mine IJi-tweni. 
Tliomiw Lynch of Churkhtowii iu thr State of 
South Carolina, Ks^quire and Kiizabeth \m wife 
of the One Part., and Martha Savage of tho said 
Town and St«te Widow of the Other Pait, Wit- 
ne.'^seth that for and in CorL-iicleriilion nf the Sum 
of Ti-u Thoii-^ind Pnuutta Laniul Cutniit Mone> 
of the State afuresaid (o the jisid Thoin;is Jiyncli 
by the said Martha Savage in hand well and truly 
Paid at and before the Sealing and Delivery of 
thew! Presents the receipt whereof the said 
Thomas Lynch doth hereby acknowledge anil 
thereof and of and from every part and parcel 
thereof Acquits Exonerate and Discharge llie 
said Martha Savage Her Heirs and Assigns, they 
the said Thomas Ljnch and Elizabeth his wife 
Hare (franted &.c &c &c, 



'fHo!*A-s ; Seal : Lthoh 



EL.to.»Ki>u : .Seal: LrNCJt 



• i:«n(rrea», lT8a-KJ. 

+ \j^X't.«T in colleclion ot Mr. F. J. Dreer. 



2.54 



HISTOllICAL MAGAZINE. 



NuVifnibKr 



\l-ui('orneil] 



riiiiiii;is Lyncli i Ueleaso of an I'ndi- ; 
(u ■• vidod third iwrt of I 

Mailln S;ivni;L> > tlic Snir'ir lloii-c Lot 



'i.— Arthur MkhUeton, 

Itiirii al Miditlctoi] I'law, South Carolina, in lif.i; edu- 
cated in I'lujrlaiid, at Hackucy and Wnptinitwivr Scliooli', 
and graduated at ( 'nmhrid^'C, ITiVu .Vfterward.' h<: made 
iivii i<iia«;!'9ivi; lonrp in Jviropi;, and oci iii'ird hirunell in 
lire plfii^are ol' travel, until recalled to duty .it liimie. Ilis 
<Mrlio=taiii)«iranoei'j imblic wa." as asi^niTol' tlic Colonial 
^iHiirr-iiiom'v. In ITT's hf. was appointed to tlic Committee 
i.t .Stfciv in' l.i-' .State; in KTU, on a (.onnnitti-o to propose 
:k Government lor tho State: and the ."arae year a ifelefiate 
to the Coiitiuunial t'ou^'res". in whieli he corilinncd nntil 
'.'•',7. lie was elected governor in ITtS, but declined the 
position, preCcrrinp the hnnihler oin- of inemlier ol the 
Stale I.I. !,'i'lstnre. His pietareaipie jiurtralt, wiili the lall- 
in-j lineiiVollar. alter the pchool of \ an Kyke. i? helter .al- 
eulatcd to reprenent. the youthtiil tourist than the more 
iiratnreHW.CHuian. Ilis writings are very scarce. He died 
oil the flrrt ot Jiinnarv, 178T, aged lorty-tlve years. It is a 
^in;JIl!»r tact, perhaps inflnenced by the eifects of the cli- 
mate, that tlie writings of aUtlio Signers of the extreme 
.^^onltiern St..*te«, are anion;:;. the most rare. 

July ti.V' i;8!-' 
Sii; 

.Vt jsiylit |ii»y to Mr .li'.-.iali Siuilli on ncco' 
of llif State of S" Cavolina Kive lltiiidrcd t)oll:ii-.a 

Yrs iV:f 

'J ril'TT.EllilK 

I Havix) IJamsiay 

.V .MltllHITON 

To 

.lolIN Uo.'-^' 1>(J' 

I'liilart' 



E.squirf. of the other purt, AVitnesst 
eth &c &c lire «.V:c 

!n witness Whereof tlie said jiartie-ito 
llieie I'reselits have inteieliaii^eahly, 
set tlicii liond.s and seals on the day 
and rear torth aliovc wiittm 



I.VM \N ; seal : 1! mi. 



"'. — llulloit <l iriiiiielt, 

Born ill Kn^'land, in lT3iI. lie erai;.'rated from llrlatol, in 
1770, to Soatl! Carolina, and two years alter settled in Geor- 
gia. Tlirongh the influence of Doctor Hall, it is Haid.Iie 
became an advocate of the Colonies. He served in the 
Colonial (.'onfjreises ot 1775 and 1776. In 17t7, he was an 
active member of the Convention to form a State Consti- 
tution, largely eugfzested its provisions and succeeded Mr. 
Bnllock as its President. Not satisfied with these rapidly 
successive honors, he aspired to be a Continental Brigadier, 
and liein<^ defeated by General I.ftchlan Mcintosh, he obal-- 
lenf^ed his competitor ; a duel ensued, in which tioth were 
wounded, Gwinnett morrally. dying at the n<re of forty-flve. 
.\ny wrltine: of his is excessively rare; and with that of 
I.ynch, is tne wanting link ot many collections. The ac- 
companying specimen was sent to a collector by Mr. .1. K. 
Tefft over thirty years a^o. with the assurance that it 
tmpht t^» secure'for him all the .many i spei-imens he then 
lacked. Gwinnett resided on an estate, called the Karony, 
on ,Ht. Catherine's Island, where, in an old tnink in the par 
ret, a cancelled niortpaire was recently found, by a gentle- 
man, for many years tlie owner of the estate, which Iib 
reluctantly presented to Ttoctor Emmett, and which is 
the only specimen that has been discovered, after years of 
diligent search. 

Jit TTON Q sviN.vj-;] r I'rine' of liuard ."lOti 

V Int' from l-'i" M.iy 

S'lHi-n^N Diiwio.v I77'i to V Mareh 

17M Tl.lo.4- 



Xlll. — Gkukoi.v. 

l. — /.;:ii'(iti Hull. 

Horn 111 C oMiie.cticut. in 17il, entet'«d Vale CuIImks at 
eiijhteen, and alter taking his degree, studied medicine. ; 
<Jn Ihair completion, in 17.'ia,he remoTed to South Carolina, 1 
tiut the same year located in Geor.'!*, and entered upon a 
."uecP3?iul practice. He for 8i.nue time sti-iod almoit alone 
lu his »<lToetey ot resii*tance, and is said to hare been the 
means of brlntting over Button GwinJiett, his Intaro col- , 
.eague, to the [lopular cause. He was finally elei-ted a : 
delegate to the Conthiental Congress from bis own parish ; 
of Si,. Joli}., tho great bodT oC the people refusing to elect ; 
delegates and although 'thus Informally elected, was i 
received by a unsnimoua Tote, and became a prominent 
member. He contlnned In Congrest with smalj interrup- 
tion nntll 17Ha, when he wap elected Governor. Ho died f 
in 17»1. Ilia letiers are rarely met with, althongli aom* : 
rtno apecimeris eiisi, aneli ae thrwe in the eollecfiona of ' 
JieTerend I)t.etor Sorague and Iloetor Kmniet. 

<;k.01((.ia. this rX]H:NTi:nh: madcllie i;iev- 
eutli Day of M.iy in the year of our 
l.'ird one lliotisand peven inindred and 
ninety Ketween I.yman Hall of liie 
County of ChHthaiii in the Stale of 
(ieidfiia, lOsunirc of tlie one part and 
Jtaymond J^eutere * of the same place 



i- .571 .13.4 

V.\'^\ • S [Z ft 4.'i.l.'". 



i;t5rr.H.4 

Itee' the »iiove snm in full 

Ifl'" March 1774 

Ill'l-ION GWINNKIT 

i;at.h, -je.-..!.? 

pd Dclegal :;0".t.(!.i! 
My aeet a-:' 
Adwinnctt 4:1.0. 11 



«17.8.4 



' CoDsreM 1776-77 : and Justice I'. -S. 

CoBgre-s" :7iS-84; and Historian. 
: Aid to Lord SllrllBg. 



'.—Oeorgf Wutton, 

Honi In Frederitt-connty, Virginia, in 1740, Kro.ii « 
carpenter's apprentice, seeking knowledge in hoara atuldii) 
from aleep, by the liglit of a pine knot, ho aciinired an emi- 
nent position In the Georgia bar and on Iho bench. !» 
177B, ue was a signer of paner-moaey, issued by the.Pro. 
vincial Congress, payable "tnree years alter reconciliation 
between Great Britain and America," and probably ex- 
pected with others their redemption at maturity. An active 
member of the I 'on^ress of 1776, after aerriog on Impor- 
tant Comtnltteea, he returned to Georgia, to take eommand 
of hie rejiment ol State 'J'roopa, and was taken prisoner at 
the defeat of Genera! Robert Howe and capture ot Savan- 
n»ti by Lientanant-colonel Campbell, supported by th« 

• To be improTed. 



lS<i8.J 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



aSr* 



-siutttlrou o£ Aduiiral Hyde Parker, in December, ] TTH, alter 
Itein;; wounded in the thigh, and was confined at Sunburj', 
.1 ueir^borinj; lortitieation, also captured, at the time (tt thp 
\writin^' ot one ol" tliese letters. In 1779, lie was elected 
iioveriior ot tJeor^^ia, airain, to C'on;,Te8e, in 17S0; a'-cain 
<.T<tvernor: and, in ITS'."*, Senator in Contrre.«w. He died 
Wilet ,Tu!-tice of Heoriria, on the second of" February, 1804. 
IJisFonwaH Lieutenant-i^overnor of Florida, and with hi.-n 
ibin:rliicr. MMdnnii! I.c Vert, resided often in this city. 

Mk'; GrenoNs" .j' .\ug' I."?-! 

.\ii irKlis[ui'.iti(i]i will |ii(viiit my riding to 
Tdwii till I-^veiiinir, tlirrcfnru cannot .•ittoml tlie 
adjouriimcut ot to day. [ must bcji tlio favour 
o£ your niakini;- an excits(! to tho Court for iiu' ! 
and that you will let tho arguing the mailer lic- 
tvrceii -Mangain. A AYarren respectinf; tlie eosts 
reinaiu over imtil tlie iie.xt adjournment. The 
lii'iiiumu- in the eau-e of" Uugg i.^.- Rugg I ^i\\i- 
poseeaimot be argued to day as the same does 
not apjiear to \ic set down for it ; without thi'^ T 
ciruld wivh it was jjostponcd. 
I am T>' .'»ir 

Your very liMe Serv 

Ofo VVai.to.n 

To 

.Jolts lloLsTOl N,* K^ir. 
S.W.VSXAII. 

St.xiiuuv 2 .lime I TT'.t 
1)t MiSii; 

Having Ijecn Sometime in Confinement and 1)0- 
gimiiug to I'ccI its consequences in the narrowness i 
<jf my circumstances T am constrained to make' ' 
application which, in any other predicament j 
would have Ijeeii deferred. Being used to live | 
in charmtiT and tlie dear girl with mc, the jiros- 
pcct.s (if stifi'ering a sliade u[)on my happi- j 
iic-s (impels uie). , 

Tlie ficwliich Jlr. Ilawley and my.self were; 
M out to rci;civc, at tlio lime J was engaged l>y ' 
Miv. Vouug, was live hundred pounds, to I* paid 
aC tin: Coiam<;ncement of the Iiusines.s. and the 
like !>uiii at he, fortunate C'onclusion. I received : 
(if Mm. Young in earnest forty Dollars, with her i 
repcateil dcclaratiim of heing without money to ; 
»dvai}cc in the .stile we were accustomed to de- ; 
maud ; and being engaged for her as much from | 
>i [Hinciple of friendship as from a motive of ! 
duty, I a.s often requested her not to give herself j 
Miiy iinn«(;e.".sary trouble in procuring tho fee for i 
lue, but advised that it might be paid to Mr. llaw- I 
loy. ^Wstllcr it was ilone or not you have it very ■ 
much in \our [)ower to know. It may ]ioisibly 
«[>pear to you unjust to be called upon to pay the : 
wages for a service yet unaccomplished,' and 
you know the chanj;e in Covcrnment puts it with- 
«»ut my power but I do not think probable that ; 
with you it can wear such an appearance, if you j 

• Conyrwi- o( ITjr-Tt. i 



will consitler That tees given for similar piirposea 
were not only actually advanced but inereascfl 
in the progress of the Inisincss. That I did 
everything in my (lower to render ctTectual and 
essential i^erviee. 'l'h;Lt the cause of my presetit 

, incapacity arises u<it from myself, and that tli;t 
incapacity may soon be done away in tlie coiii-si- 
of very ordinary events At any late I ,im justly 
entitled to a rcsonalile Compensation, and an 
equivalent to the then usual retainer. I think in 

' truth just. I have been informed, that since the 
re establishment of the King of (Jrcat IJritians 

j Authority in tieorgia seventy live jjoniids in sj)eci(! 
have been paid in satisfaction of a note of Five 
Hundred pounds in the tJeorgia paper currencv, 
however let this rest with yourself and I must 
i-onfess that situated as I am a less sum than tlic 
equivalent T have mentioned would lie more ser 
viceable to mc than the currency, tho I do net 
consider myself to have any riglit to refuse- 
what is otfered to mc 

I would have }iiu consider that at the satnc 
time I make the applic.ition in the n.'iture of a 
demand I do not mean to keep its payment con 
trarv to yonr judgement or inclination 
l>ear ."^ir I am with ^reat regard vour 
Most Obdt SerV 

Gk(i "\V.\i.tom 
Thomas Vou.no Hsquiie 

BkI Al-.F. Isl.ANli 

fav'd bv 
Mr lio'.vell 

.\lso a Provincial note fiT X' "i signed in 177r., 
iV a small document, signed as Chief -Justice. 

IV.—AI^/lfJXB.i. 
I. — Nl.W IlAMrSllIUK. 

• •'. — Miitthew Tiutrutori. 
SxA'iK OF Xl.A JlA.vii'siiiiiK iSeiilenr :;;il''' J77U. 
To Nicholas Oilman Esq' 1!. G. pursuant to h 
vole of Council vV Assembly ])ay Xath' Balcli, 
.Simeon Dearborn Jc David Copp Two ))ound» 
four shillings 

M TllORX JON. 

I'rea. I'. 'I. 
foi going to Middleton 1a order of Court. 



\\. — M.»SS.*f aFSK'lTS. 

7. — John UoriMcl-. 
(Jemi.emenof 'iHE Sf,x.\tk ifeCKsn.KMFN o;"- 

THK 1I0F.sk 09 IlKFRESKSTVnVES 

Yesterday afternoon the Secretary laid beibre 
ino a }{ill which had pass'' the Two Branches of 
the General Court appointing a time & place for 
holding the Supreme Judicial Court in the 
County of Suffolk. The Bill DetDrmincs thai- 



2r,6 



HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. 



[Xovemlxrr, 



<iie said Court sbiiU be held at Botsnn on the 
tliird Tuesday of Febr>' in.«tcad being thia Day, 
and Confines Uie. said Court to one Session only 
in the year, at least no futhcr provision is made 
f)y the Bill— I confess myself at a Loss for the 
Jieaaons that operated to indue* the pa*sinp; the 
Bill, & wish to be ascertain'd of the necessity of 
the Bill, which I flatter myself the General Court 
will indulge me with when I will immediately 
«ign the Bill. 

J. H. 
<?ou.Ddl Chamly 

Boston 18 Keb'v 1788. ■ 



V —FIN It-: 

By nis ExcMeiu-y 

Gkoimje Washisotott, Esq ; 

Oenerat and Commander in. Chief of the Fore- 

ts of the United States of America. 

Thfse arc to CeKify that the Bearer liereof 

I'hu.ii' Laiiway, .Soldier 

tu the Sevinth Mass'tts Regiment, having faith 

fully served the United States Four Years and 

Months and being inlisted for the War 

only, is hereby Discharged from the American 

Army 

Oioen at Head Quartern the 9" of June ITS^J 

(signed) Go Washixoton 

fiy His J!^j.rtU(^n^-g'e 
command 

(signed) J TiUTHBtu. Jvn ^ty 
liegiiitJsre'l in the Books 

of the Regiment 

(•signnti) Josi Hasc.\i.l Adjutant 

HiCiD Quarters Jnne the 9"' 1783 
Tfee; within 0&rt(n<a.ts shall not avail the Bearer 
as a Discharge, until the Ratiti nation of the de- 
f.nitive Treaty of Peaix ; previous to which 
time, ajid until Proclamation thereof ^hall he 
lu.ide, he is t<j be consi<lered as being i in Fur- 
lough 

QEOR(iK W-AKHlNOfON 



JSDEX OF MSS. 

I. Dj»uuiATio.«:....D. S, (Hancock and ThomeoD) 1 p. 
donble folio. 
IL CoKGBEss. .D.8. 1 p. folio— D.S. 1 p. 4to.— D. 8 1 p. «to. 

TIL MaEIKE COMMtTTEE D g. J p. 4tO. 

IV, SKCaSTiKT OP C«NGEEEB A. ll S. 2 1)1) iUX 

V. The Btatks, h • ~. 
Ne»- HiMFMiliit:. 

1. JmiaA BartUtL A I. S. 2 pp. loHo ; A. t. 8. 3 pp. 

folio 

2. WlUUiia Wnipple. ...A. L. 8. « pp. tqilo. A. L. 8 

i pp. 4to. 

3. Matat*w TharnJort .^. D. fi. 2 pn. folk). .Small 

A.L. .S.et«. 

MAtSJuO)ire.BTTTJ. 

Crfdtmtialu A. D..S. (tiaeoini 8 pp. folio- 

1 . Jolin JlamcOL-t. ... L. 8. 2 pp. folio, L, 8. 8 pp. folio. 

L. S, 1 p. folio, etr. 
i. Jofiit AdaiM. ..*. L. 8, 1 p. 4U). A. L. 1 p. *(«. ua 

2 pp. 4to., elc 
3. SajirflAdoiM A. L. S. 3 pp. 4to., etvc '• 



.A.L.S. lp.4to. A.D. S. Ip.folJo, 
. . . A. L. S., 2 pp. 4to. A. L. 8. 2 pp. 



A. Ltw'in MerriA. . . 



i Robert T.Paim.. 
.1. Xlbridgs Oernj. 
RnoD]i Island. 

1. ^Uphe/t Hopkins. .L. 8. a pp. folio. D. 8, 1 pp. 4to.. 

etc. 
i. WilUum Klkm ' .4 . L. .S. a pp. 410. 

\. lioger.'^hfmma. A. L. S. 1 n 41o ck. 

2. .''tjm«<i/fKw.<4«^ey/j..I,. 8.app. folio ; L.klp.4i<j,; 

A. L. Id, folio, vU\ 

3. nUliinn WiUiawn .A, L. g! 3 pp. folio ; .4. L. S 

2 pp. 4tO, 

^L'tc!;^. ^'""'" A. L. 8. 2 pp. 4tcv 

t ^ii'^^"i .*'f"/"^- -A- D. 8. 1 p 4to J A. L. 8. 1 p. folio. 
2. Phihp Uuugaton L, 8. Ip.ito; email A. D. 8, 

••••; A. L. 8. J p. 4to.' 

.D. 8. 1 p. folio : A. L. a. 2 pp. 
<to : A. L. 8, 1 p. 4to. 

1, Sichard .SCocifon. .A. D. 4 pp. folio ; small ADS, 

2, Franctt Iloptlnnon. ...K. D. 8. 8 pp. folio ; A. L. 8 

1 p. 4to, et«. 
a. Joirn H ttherepomi A, L 8 In folio 

4, John Hart A. D. 1 p. folio ; amaU aJ D. 8 eto' 

8. At^rahao, dark. ..K.'L.6.\n.ito;.K.lj.H.ino foJlo" 

PE1BK6VI.TANIA. T 

KifomfnfndatMa. . . .B. 8. (Rash A Clyrnw) 1 p folio 
I. Sobert Morria. . . .L. 8. 2 pp. 4to : A. L. 8. 2 pn, 4to ■ 

A. L. 8. 3 pp. 4 to. 
a. B«njami/t Jtagh. .A. L. 8. 1 p. 4to ; A I S I p 4to' 
A. L, 8. a pp. 4f,o. 

5. Benjamin. FrauJUin A. L. S. 1 p. 4to ; A. L, 8. 

, _ „, 1 P- *to, etc. : aud mauy others! 

i- I'^iVlClyimr A. L. 8, 1 p. 4to. 

B. John Morton. A. D. 8. 1 p. 4tb. oU-. 

a. JaiMsl^mM. I..8.app folio. 

,, freorgf Taylor SmalIX.D.8: 

N. Jantes Wtkon. A. L. .S, i p. 4to, 

9 Oforge JSosn A. L.8. 1 p. 4to ; A. D. 8. 1 p folio 

Drlawaue. 

1. CiTsar Ifcliify A. L> 8. 2 pp, folio, etc 

2. liforgf J2to.d A, D. 8. pp. folio, eXe. 

3. rtioriMH McAm/t A. L. 8. 1 p. 4k), eh- 

JdABTLVND, 

1. i<o^mmt Cham A. L. 8. 1 p. 4to, etc, 

2. Thomas Stonf.. . . .PmaM D. 8. ; A. L. 8. 1 p. 4to, et*! 

3. WiUiam Paca Small D. 8. ; A, L. 8. 1 p. folio • 

L. 8. 1 p. 4to. etc. * 

4. CttarU-s Ca.rroU A. L, 8. 2 pp. 41:,), etc. 

VntOtNI,!.. 

CofnmtUit/or Fwcign. Affairs A. L. 8. 4to. 4 pp m 

1. JiltJiard HeM;i J,..:. . . . A. L. 8. 2 pp. folio ; A. L, 8.' I 

2 pp. 4to ; etc, " 

2. ii«u-ge Wi/tlm A, U (third person) 1 p. 4to, etc 

a, Th:riatMji-ffffiou A. L. l p. 4to ; A.L.S.2pp, 

4to. ; A. L. 8. 2 pp. 4to. ; 
A. I,. 8. 1 p. 4fo. : A. L. 8. 
4 pp. 4to. ; A. L. 8. 1 p. 4tn. 
etc. 
.4. 'ftiuiiKui ^tUiou, Junior L. S. 1 p. 4to ; A.L.S. 

a pp. 4to, 

5. Bfu^ojniji. Harrison.. Oi.H.fi.l ■a iotio; .K L, 8 \i\ 

folio. 

6. Kiancis Utghtfoot L^e .V L S 2. pp, 4to, 

7. Carter JifoxU/n L, 8, » pp. 4to. : A. U (third per- 

„ ^ eon) 1. p. 4to. 

KafiJIcatioii of Concmtion Of. D, 8. 2 pp. folio, 

1, William Hooiur A. L. 8. 3 pp. folio. 

2. ,10s. Metres. . . 
S. John. I'enn... _ 

8oCTH CAa4>LlSA- 

1 , Fftward lliitledge A. L S. 1 p. 4to., etc. 

2. Thomas Hei/icard, Jurhior Of. D. 8. 1 p. donWe 

folio, etc. 

3. ThoriMK Lynrh, Junior. D. 8. 1 p. doable folio. 

4, Arthur MiJdleton Small O. D. 8. 

GroBi;iA. 

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